Akkari Hafidh, Hajaji Soumaya, B'chir Fatma, Rekik Mourad, Gharbi Mohamed
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinairede Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinairede Sidi Thabet, 2020 Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
Vet Parasitol. 2016 May 15;221:46-53. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.03.007. Epub 2016 Mar 11.
Phenolic content, antioxidant and anthelmintic activities of herbal extracts are of particular interest to drug industry; plant extracts with significant anthelmintic activity have the potential to be used as alternatives to conventional chemical drugs. In the present study, Rubus ulmifolius fruit extracts obtained using solvents of increasing polarity (water, methanol, chloroform and hexane) were examined for their antioxidant and anthelmintic activities in correlation with their polyphenolic content. In vitro antioxidant activity of all extracts was carried out using free radical-scavenging activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethilenebenzotiazolin)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation. In vitro anthelmintic activities were investigated on the egg and adult worms of Haemonchus contortus from sheep in comparison to albendazole. Total polyphenol content of R. ulmifolius was higher in more polar extract, ranging from 64.5 in aqueous extract to 1.57 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry weight (GAE/g DW) in hexanic extract. Likewise, highest amounts of flavonoids and condensed tannins were found in aqueous extract (28.06 mg QE/g and 7.42 mg CE/g DW, respectively) compared to hexanic extract (0.71 mg QE/g and 0.29 mg CE/g DW, respectively) (p<0.05). Both DPPH and ABTS antioxidant assays showed that all tested extracts possess free radical scavenging activity, while the inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) range values were similar for both assays (2.13-45.54 μg/mL and 1.2-43.82 μg/mL, respectively). All plant extracts showed ovicidal activity at all tested concentrations. Fruit methanolic (IC50=2.76mg/mL) and aqueous (IC50=2.08 mg/mL) extracts showed higher inhibitory effects than chloroformic (IC50=7.62 mg/mL) and hexanic (IC50=12.93 mg/mL) extracts on egg hatching (p<0.05). There was a significant correlation of total polyphenol, flavonoids and tannins content with scavenging of either DPPH (r=0.722, 0.764 and 0.752, p<0.01, respectively) or ABTS radicals (r=0.893, 0.765 and 0.722, p<0.01, respectively) and with inhibition of egg hatching (r=0.874, 0.883 and 0.862, p<0.01, respectively). Highest inhibition of motility (100%) of worms was observed 8h post-exposure in aqueous and methanolic extract at 8 mg/mL. To our knowledge, these results depict for the first time that R. ulmifolius possesses in vitro anthelmintic properties.
草药提取物中的酚类含量、抗氧化和驱虫活性对制药行业尤为重要；具有显著驱虫活性的植物提取物有潜力用作传统化学药物的替代品。在本研究中，使用极性递增的溶剂（水、甲醇、氯仿和己烷）获得的榆叶悬钩子果实提取物，针对其抗氧化和驱虫活性以及多酚含量进行了检测。所有提取物的体外抗氧化活性通过2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）和2,2'-偶氮二（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉）-6-磺酸（ABTS）自由基阳离子清除活性来进行测定。与阿苯达唑相比，对来自绵羊的捻转血矛线虫的虫卵和成虫进行了体外驱虫活性研究。榆叶悬钩子的总多酚含量在极性更强的提取物中更高，范围从水提取物中的64.5到己烷提取物中的每克干重1.57毫克没食子酸当量（GAE/g DW）。同样，与己烷提取物（分别为0.71毫克槲皮素当量/g和0.29毫克儿茶素当量/g DW）相比，水提取物中发现的黄酮类化合物和缩合单宁含量最高（分别为28.06毫克槲皮素当量/g和7.42毫克儿茶素当量/g DW）（p<0.05）。DPPH和ABTS抗氧化试验均表明，所有测试提取物都具有自由基清除活性，而两种试验的半数抑制浓度（IC50）范围值相似（分别为2.13 - 45.54微克/毫升和1.2 - 43.82微克/毫升）。所有植物提取物在所有测试浓度下均表现出杀卵活性。果实甲醇提取物（IC50 = 2.76毫克/毫升）和水提取物（IC50 = 2.08毫克/毫升）对虫卵孵化的抑制作用高于氯仿提取物（IC50 = 7.62毫克/毫升）和己烷提取物（IC50 = 12.93毫克/毫升）（p<0.05）。总多酚、黄酮类化合物和单宁含量与DPPH（r分别为0.722、0.764和0.752，p<0.01）或ABTS自由基清除（r分别为0.893、0.765和0.722，p<0.01）以及虫卵孵化抑制（r分别为0.874、0.883和0.862，p<0.01）之间存在显著相关性。在暴露8小时后，在8毫克/毫升的水提取物和甲醇提取物中观察到对蠕虫运动的最高抑制率（100%）。据我们所知，这些结果首次表明榆叶悬钩子具有体外驱虫特性。
