Davtyan Mariam, Farmer Shu, Brown Brandon, Sami Mojgan, Frederick Toni
J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2016 Jul-Aug;27(4):404-18. doi: 10.1016/j.jana.2016.03.003. Epub 2016 Mar 25.
HIV-related stigma affects people living with HIV (PLWH), especially in communities of color. In our study, African American and Latina/Hispanic women living with HIV (WLWH) described experiences of stigma through PhotoVoice, a community-based participatory method of documentary photography. Ten WLWH from Los Angeles documented stigma experiences through photographs for up to 5 weeks and discussed their images during a focus group or semi-structured individual interview. Qualitative interpretive phenomenological analysis of participant narratives and photographs revealed lack of education and cultural myths as the main triggers of the stigma our participants faced. Stigma was experienced in health care settings, and participants identified depression, fear of intimate relationships, and nondisclosure of HIV status as its consequences. Social support and faith were noted as key coping mechanisms. WLWH recommended involving PLWH and public health officials in stigma reduction campaigns and youth education. PhotoVoice was perceived as a useful tool for education and self-improvement.
与艾滋病毒相关的污名化影响着艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH），尤其是在有色人种社区。在我们的研究中，感染艾滋病毒的非裔美国女性和拉丁裔/西班牙裔女性（WLWH）通过“摄影发声”描述了她们遭受污名化的经历，“摄影发声”是一种基于社区的参与式纪录片摄影方法。来自洛杉矶的10名感染艾滋病毒的女性通过拍摄照片记录污名化经历，为期长达5周，并在焦点小组或半结构化个人访谈中讨论了她们的照片。对参与者的叙述和照片进行的定性解释现象学分析表明，缺乏教育和文化神话是我们的参与者所面临的污名化的主要触发因素。在医疗保健环境中会经历污名化，参与者将抑郁、对亲密关系的恐惧以及不透露艾滋病毒感染状况视为其后果。社会支持和信仰被视为关键的应对机制。感染艾滋病毒的女性建议让艾滋病毒感染者和公共卫生官员参与减少污名化运动和青年教育。“摄影发声”被视为一种有用的教育和自我提升工具。
