Lockridge Grant, Dzwonkowski Brian, Nelson Reid, Powers Sean
Dauphin Island Sea Lab., 101 Bienville Blvd., Dauphin Island, AL 36528, USA.
Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, Life Sciences Building Room 25, Mobile, AL 36688, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2016 Apr 13;16(4):528. doi: 10.3390/s16040528.
This project addresses the need for an expansion in the monitoring of marine environments by providing a detailed description of a low cost, robust, user friendly sonde, built on Arduino Mega 2560 (Mega) and Arduino Uno (Uno) platforms. The sonde can be made without specialized tools or training and can be easily modified to meet individual application requirements. The platform allows for internal logging of multiple parameters of which conductivity, temperature, and GPS position are demonstrated. Two design configurations for different coastal hydrographic applications are highlighted to show the robust and versatile nature of this sensor platform. The initial sonde design was intended for use on a Lagrangian style surface drifter that recorded measurements of temperature; salinity; and position for a deployment duration of less than 24 h. Functional testing of the sensor consisted of a 55 h comparison with a regularly maintained water quality sensor (i.e., YSI 6600 sonde) in Mobile Bay, AL. The temperature and salinity data were highly correlated and had acceptable RMS errors of 0.154 °C and 1.35 psu for the environmental conditions. A second application using the sonde platform was designed for longer duration (~3-4 weeks); subsurface (1.5-4.0 m depths) deployment, moored to permanent structures. Design alterations reflected an emphasis on minimizing power consumption, which included the elimination of the GPS capabilities, increased battery capacity, and power-saving software modifications. The sonde designs presented serve as templates that will expand the hydrographic measurement capabilities of ocean scientists, students, and teachers.
本项目通过详细描述一种基于Arduino Mega 2560（Mega）和Arduino Uno（Uno）平台构建的低成本、坚固耐用且用户友好的探测仪，满足了扩大海洋环境监测的需求。该探测仪无需专门工具或培训即可制作，并且可以轻松修改以满足个别应用需求。该平台允许对多个参数进行内部记录，其中展示了电导率、温度和GPS位置。重点介绍了针对不同沿海水文应用的两种设计配置，以展示该传感器平台的坚固性和多功能性。最初的探测仪设计旨在用于拉格朗日式表面漂流器，该漂流器记录温度、盐度和位置，部署持续时间少于24小时。传感器的功能测试包括在阿拉巴马州莫比尔湾与定期维护的水质传感器（即YSI 6600探测仪）进行55小时的比较。在环境条件下，温度和盐度数据高度相关，均方根误差分别为0.154°C和1.35 psu，可接受。使用探测仪平台的第二个应用设计用于更长时间（约3 - 4周）、地下（1.5 - 4.0米深度）的部署，并系泊在固定结构上。设计变更反映了对最小化功耗的重视，包括取消GPS功能、增加电池容量以及进行节能软件修改。所展示的探测仪设计可作为模板，将扩大海洋科学家、学生和教师的水文测量能力。
