Liu Hua-Jie, Zhao Liang-Cheng, Fang Shi-Bo, Liu Si-Wa, Hu Jian-Sen, Wang Lei, Liu Xiao-Di, Wu Qing-Feng
College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China.
Hebei Geological Laboratory, Baoding, Hebei 071051, China.
Sci Rep. 2016 Apr 19;6:23456. doi: 10.1038/srep23456.
Air pollution is a major concern in China. Lichens are a useful biomonitor for atmospheric elemental deposition but have rarely been used in North China. The aim of this study was to investigate the atmospheric depositions of 30 trace elements (Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, K, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Sr, Tb, Th, Ti, Tl, V and Zn) in a region of the Taihang Mountains, Hebei Province, China using lichens as biomonitors. Epilithic foliose lichen Xanthoria mandschurica was sampled from 21 sites and analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results show that 1) eight elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mo, P, Pb, Sb and Zn) are of atmospheric origin and are highly influenced by the atmospheric transportation from the North China Plain, as well as local mining activities, while 2) the remaining 22 elements are primarily of crustal origin, the concentration of which has been enhanced by local mining and quarrying activities. These results clearly validate the applicability of lichens in biomonitoring of atmospheric elemental deposition and demonstrate the spatial pattern for air pollution in the region.
空气污染在中国是一个主要问题。地衣是大气元素沉降的有用生物监测器，但在中国北方很少被使用。本研究的目的是利用地衣作为生物监测器，调查中国河北省太行山区某区域30种微量元素（铝、钡、钙、镉、铈、钴、铬、铯、铜、铁、钾、镧、镁、锰、钼、钠、镍、磷、铅、铷、锑、钪、钐、锶、铽、钍、钛、铊、钒和锌）的大气沉降情况。从21个地点采集了石生叶状地衣华北石黄衣，并使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）进行分析。结果表明：1）8种元素（镉、铬、铜、钼、磷、铅、锑和锌）来源于大气，受华北平原大气传输以及当地采矿活动的影响很大；2）其余22种元素主要来源于地壳，当地的采矿和采石活动增加了它们的浓度。这些结果清楚地验证了地衣在大气元素沉降生物监测中的适用性，并展示了该地区空气污染的空间格局。
