Zhao Liang-Cheng, Wang Li, Jiang Yun-Jun, Hu Yan-Qiao, Xu Chong-Ying, Wang Lei, Li Xing, Wei Li, Guo Xiu-Ping, Liu Ai-Qin, Liu Hua-Jie
Hebei Geological Laboratory, Baoding, China.
College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Bio Protoc. 2017 Mar 5;7(5):e2165. doi: 10.21769/BioProtoc.2165.
Lichens are good biomonitors for air pollution because of their high enrichment capability of atmospheric chemical elements. To monitor atmospheric element deposition using lichens, it is important to obtain information on the multi-element concentrations in lichen thalli. Because of serious air pollution, elemental concentrations in thalli of lichens from North China (especially Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi and Henan province) are often higher than those from other regions, therefore highlighting the necessity to optimize ICP-AES/MS (Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy/mass spectrometry) for analyzing lichen element content. Based on the high elemental concentrations in the lichen samples, and the differences in the sensitivity and detection limits between ICP-MS and ICP-AES, we propose a protocol for analyzing 31 elements in lichens using ICP-AES/MS. Twenty-two elements (Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, K, La, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Sr, Tb, Th, Tl, V and Zn) can be identified by using microwave digestion- ICP-MS, and 9 elements (Al, Ba, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, P, S and Ti) by using ashing-alkali fusion digestion- ICP-AES.
地衣因其对大气化学元素的高富集能力而成为空气污染的良好生物监测器。为了用地衣监测大气元素沉降，获取地衣叶状体中多元素浓度的信息很重要。由于空气污染严重，中国北方（特别是内蒙古、河北、山西和河南省）地衣叶状体中的元素浓度往往高于其他地区，因此凸显了优化电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱/质谱法（ICP-AES/MS）以分析地衣元素含量的必要性。基于地衣样品中高元素浓度以及ICP-MS和ICP-AES在灵敏度和检测限方面的差异，我们提出了一种使用ICP-AES/MS分析地衣中31种元素的方法。22种元素（镉、铈、钴、铬、铯、铜、钾、镧、钼、钠、镍、铅、铷、锑、钪、钐、锶、铽、钍、铊、钒和锌）可通过微波消解-ICP-MS进行鉴定，9种元素（铝、钡、钙、铁、镁、锰、磷、硫和钛）可通过灰化-碱熔消解-ICP-AES进行鉴定。
