Suenderhauf Claudia, Walter Anna, Lenz Claudia, Lang Undine E, Borgwardt Stefan
Neuropsychiatry and Brain Imaging Group, Department of Psychiatry (UPK), Department of Clinical Research (DKF), Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4012 Basel, Switzerland.
Neuropsychiatry and Brain Imaging Group, Department of Psychiatry (UPK), Department of Clinical Research (DKF), Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4012 Basel, Switzerland.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016 Sep;68:20-36. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.03.018. Epub 2016 Apr 16.
Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic, and strongly disabling neuropsychiatric disorder, characterized by cognitive decline, positive and negative symptoms. Positive symptoms respond well to antipsychotic medication and psycho-social interventions, in contrast to negative symptoms and neurocognitive impairments. Cognitive deficits have been linked to a poorer outcome and hence specific cognitive remediation therapies have been proposed. Their effectiveness is nowadays approved and neurobiological correlates have been reconfirmed by brain imaging studies. Interestingly, recent MRI work showed that commercial video games modified similar brain areas as these specialized training programs. If gray matter increases and functional brain modulations would translate in better cognitive and every day functioning, commercial video game training could be an enjoyable and economically interesting treatment option for patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. This systematic review summarizes advances in the area with emphasis on imaging studies dealing with brain changes upon video game training and contrasts them to conventional cognitive remediation. Moreover, we discuss potential challenges therapeutic video game development and research would have to face in future treatment of schizophrenia.
精神分裂症是一种严重、慢性且极具致残性的神经精神障碍，其特征为认知衰退、阳性症状和阴性症状。与阴性症状和神经认知障碍不同，阳性症状对抗精神病药物和心理社会干预反应良好。认知缺陷与较差的预后相关，因此有人提出了特定的认知康复疗法。如今其有效性已得到认可，脑成像研究也再次证实了其神经生物学相关性。有趣的是，最近的磁共振成像研究表明，商业电子游戏对大脑区域的改变与这些专门训练项目类似。如果灰质增加和大脑功能调节能转化为更好的认知及日常功能，那么商业电子游戏训练对于神经精神障碍患者可能是一种有趣且经济实惠的治疗选择。本系统综述总结了该领域的进展，重点是关于电子游戏训练后脑变化的成像研究，并将其与传统认知康复进行对比。此外，我们还讨论了治疗性电子游戏开发和研究在未来精神分裂症治疗中可能面临的潜在挑战。
