Osborne Neville N, Núñez-Álvarez Claudia, Joglar Belen, Del Olmo-Aguado Susana
Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Avda. Doctores Fernández-Vega 34, E-33012 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Avda. Doctores Fernández-Vega 34, E-33012 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2016 Sep 15;787:127-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.04.032. Epub 2016 Apr 14.
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a common form of glaucoma in which retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) die at varying intervals. Primary open-angle glaucoma is often associated with an increased intraocular pressure (IOP), which when reduced, can slow down the progression of the disease. However, it is essential to develop better modes of treatments for glaucoma patients. In this overview, we discuss the hypothesis that RGC mitochondria are affected during the initiation of POAG, by becoming gradually weakened, but at different rates because of their specific receptor profiles. With this in mind, we argue that neuroprotection in the context of glaucoma should focus on preserving RGC mitochondrial function and suggest a number of ways by which this can theoretically be achieved. Since POAG is a chronic disease, any neuroprotective treatment strategy must be tolerated over many years. Theoretically, topically applied substances should have the fewest side effects, but it is questionable whether sufficient compounds can reach RGC mitochondria to be effective. Therefore, other delivery procedures that might result in greater concentrations of neuroprotectants reaching RGC mitochondria are being developed. Red-light therapy represents another therapeutic alternative for enhancing RGC mitochondrial functions and has the advantage of being both non-toxic and non-invasive.
原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）是一种常见的青光眼类型，其中视网膜神经节细胞（RGCs）会在不同时间段死亡。原发性开角型青光眼通常与眼内压（IOP）升高有关，降低眼内压可减缓疾病进展。然而，为青光眼患者开发更好的治疗方式至关重要。在本综述中，我们讨论了一种假说，即在POAG发病初期，RGC线粒体因其特定的受体谱而逐渐衰弱，但衰弱速度不同，从而受到影响。考虑到这一点，我们认为青光眼背景下的神经保护应侧重于保护RGC线粒体功能，并提出了一些理论上可实现这一目标的方法。由于POAG是一种慢性疾病，任何神经保护治疗策略都必须在多年内耐受。理论上，局部应用的物质副作用最少，但能否有足够的化合物到达RGC线粒体发挥作用仍值得怀疑。因此，正在开发其他可能使更多神经保护剂到达RGC线粒体的给药方法。红光疗法是增强RGC线粒体功能的另一种治疗选择，具有无毒且无创的优点。
