Zhang ShuShan, Ou RuWei, Chen XuePing, Yang Jing, Zhao Bi, Yuan XiaoQin, Wei QianQian, Cao Bei, Shang Hui-Fang
a Department of Neurology , West China Hospital, SiChuan University , Chengdu , China.
b Department of Neurology , Affiliated Hospital of North SiChuan Medical College , Nanchong , China.
Neurol Res. 2016 May;38(5):434-40. doi: 10.1080/01616412.2016.1139320. Epub 2016 Apr 19.
Cognitive dysfunction is common in Parkinson's disease (PD). A comprehensive understanding of cognitive dysfunction and its correlative factors in Chinese PD patients were not available.
This cross-sectional study included 454 PD patients. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Non-motor symptoms were assessed using the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), and depression and anxiety were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, respectively.
Cognitive dysfunction was observed in 58.1% of the patients. The mean age, age of onset, scores of rigidity, bradykinesia, axial impairment, tremor, speech and facial expression, total Unified PD Rating Scale part III and H&Y stage, and NMSS scores were significantly higher in PD patients with cognitive dysfunction than in those without cognitive dysfunction. The prevalence of sleep/fatigue domain with the item 'difficulty falling asleep', mood/apathy domain with the item 'feelings of nervousness', perceptual problems/hallucinations domain with the item 'delusions', attention/memory domain with the items 'concentration' and 'forget to do things', gastrointestinal domain with the items 'dribbling saliva' and 'swallowing', urinary domain with the item 'nocturia', and the item 'taste or smell' in the miscellaneous domain were significantly higher in PD patients with cognitive dysfunction. Logistic regression indicated that female sex, older age, lower education level, higher bradykinesia score, and presence of the urinary domain were associated with cognitive dysfunction in PD.
Age, sex, education level, bradykinesia score, and presence of urinary symptoms are correlative factors of cognitive dysfunction in Chinese PD patients.
认知功能障碍在帕金森病（PD）中很常见。目前尚缺乏对中国PD患者认知功能障碍及其相关因素的全面了解。
这项横断面研究纳入了454例PD患者。使用蒙特利尔认知评估量表评估认知功能。使用非运动症状量表（NMSS）评估非运动症状，分别使用汉密尔顿抑郁量表和汉密尔顿焦虑量表评估抑郁和焦虑。
58.1%的患者存在认知功能障碍。认知功能障碍的PD患者的平均年龄、发病年龄、强直、运动迟缓、轴性损害、震颤、言语和面部表情评分、统一帕金森病评定量表第三部分总分及H&Y分期以及NMSS评分均显著高于无认知功能障碍的患者。认知功能障碍的PD患者在睡眠/疲劳领域中“入睡困难”条目、情绪/淡漠领域中“紧张感”条目、感知问题/幻觉领域中“妄想”条目、注意力/记忆领域中“注意力集中”和“忘记做事”条目、胃肠道领域中“流口水”和“吞咽”条目、泌尿领域中“夜尿症”条目以及杂项领域中“味觉或嗅觉”条目的患病率显著更高。逻辑回归分析表明，女性、年龄较大、教育水平较低、运动迟缓评分较高以及存在泌尿领域症状与PD患者的认知功能障碍相关。
年龄、性别、教育水平、运动迟缓评分以及泌尿症状的存在是中国PD患者认知功能障碍的相关因素。
