Crichigno S, Cordero P, Blasetti G, Cussac V
Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Universidad Nacional del Comahue (UNCO) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Quintral 1250, Bariloche, 8400, Río Negro, Argentina.
Autoridad Interjurisdiccional de las Cuencas de los Ríos Limay, Neuquén y Negro (AIC), 9 de Julio 496, Cipolletti, R8324BHJ, Rio Negro, Argentina.
J Fish Biol. 2016 Jul;89(1):403-16. doi: 10.1111/jfb.12969. Epub 2016 Apr 20.
Common carp Cyprinus carpio possess multiple traits that contribute to their success as an invasive species. They have been introduced across the globe, and abundant populations can have numerous negative effects. Although ecological niche-based modelling techniques have been used to predict the potential range of C. carpio invasion in U.S.A., occurrence and abundance patterns have not yet been considered on a regional scale. In the present review new locations are documented, the status of the southernmost population has been studied and the probability of new lakes and reservoirs being colonized by C. carpio has been obtained and related to environmental conditions. The new localities for C. carpio have expanded its distribution westward, into the Andean Region, and present results from the South American southernmost population have shown a well-established population. Analysis of presence data provided two principal results: (1) the probability of a site being with C. carpio can be inferred using environmental variables and (2) the probability of a site being with C. carpio is a useful tool for the prediction of future invasions. Selective fishing on the Negro basin could constitute a potential mitigation measure, decreasing the abundance of the species and thus reducing the species' potential for southward expansion. These results reinforce the idea that artisanal fisheries, food production and conservation interests should be taken into account by local government management agencies in any discussion regarding the southern distribution of C. carpio in the near future.
鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）具有多种特性，使其成为成功的入侵物种。它们已被引入全球各地，大量的种群可能会产生许多负面影响。尽管基于生态位的建模技术已被用于预测鲤鱼在美国的潜在入侵范围，但尚未在区域尺度上考虑其出现和丰度模式。在本综述中，记录了新的分布地点，研究了最南端种群的状况，并得出了新的湖泊和水库被鲤鱼殖民的概率，并将其与环境条件相关联。鲤鱼的新分布地点已向西扩展到安第斯地区，来自南美洲最南端种群的现有结果显示该种群已稳固建立。对存在数据的分析得出了两个主要结果：（1）可以使用环境变量推断某个地点存在鲤鱼的概率；（2）某个地点存在鲤鱼的概率是预测未来入侵的有用工具。在 Negro 河流域进行选择性捕捞可能构成一种潜在的缓解措施，减少该物种的数量，从而降低其向南扩张的可能性。这些结果强化了这样一种观点，即在近期任何关于鲤鱼在南方分布的讨论中，地方政府管理机构都应考虑个体渔业、粮食生产和保护利益。
