Soares Fernanda Cunha, Lima Rodrigo Antunes, Santos Carolina da Franca Bandeira Ferreira, de Barros Mauro Virgílio Gomes, Colares Viviane
University of Pernambuco - Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, Recife, Brazil.
University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, and Center for Research in Childhood Health; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF, 70040-020, Brazil.
Compr Psychiatry. 2016 May;67:46-53. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.01.006. Epub 2016 Jan 21.
The aim of this study was to analyze the predictors of dental anxiety in 5 to 7-year-old children in a two years follow-up.
This is a longitudinal study conducted with 784 children with 5 to 7years old. A face-to-face interview was conducted with the parents. The Dental Anxiety Question (DAQ) answers were categorized as presence or absence of dental anxiety. The possible predictor factors analyzed were: related to the children (age, sex, parentage, childbirth, physical activity, body satisfaction, psychological well-being, physical well-being, dentist visit); and related to the parents or guardians (excessive alcohol consumption, smoke, family income, number of children). Forward stepwise logistic binary regression was performed for the multivariate analysis. The analysis was controlled by gender.
The prevalence of dental anxiety was 17.4%. Children in lower family income had 2.3 (95% CI: 1.3-4.0) greater chance to report high dental anxiety in comparison to children in higher family income. Similarly, children's parents who reported lower psychological well-being had 1.5 (95% CI: 1.0-3.0) greater chance to report high dental anxiety in comparison to children's parents with higher psychological well-being.
The prevalence of dental anxiety was high, and the family income and psychological well-being were inversely associated to dental anxiety in children.
Knowing the dental anxiety predictors could help the pediatric dentist to analyze and understand who is more susceptible to develop dental anxiety. An adequate approach, a trust relationship could be built, improving the oral health conditions and reducing the need of treatment in children.
本研究旨在分析5至7岁儿童两年随访期间牙科焦虑的预测因素。
这是一项针对784名5至7岁儿童的纵向研究。对家长进行了面对面访谈。将牙科焦虑问题（DAQ）的答案分为存在或不存在牙科焦虑。分析的可能预测因素包括：与儿童相关的（年龄、性别、出身、分娩、体育活动、身体满意度、心理健康、身体健康、看牙医情况）；以及与父母或监护人相关的（过量饮酒、吸烟、家庭收入、子女数量）。进行向前逐步逻辑二元回归以进行多变量分析。分析按性别进行控制。
牙科焦虑的患病率为17.4%。与家庭收入较高的儿童相比，家庭收入较低的儿童报告高度牙科焦虑的可能性高2.3倍（95%置信区间：1.3 - 4.0）。同样，与心理健康状况较好的儿童父母相比，报告心理健康状况较差的儿童父母报告高度牙科焦虑的可能性高1.5倍（95%置信区间：1.0 - 3.0）。
牙科焦虑的患病率较高，家庭收入和心理健康与儿童牙科焦虑呈负相关。
了解牙科焦虑的预测因素有助于儿科牙医分析和理解谁更容易出现牙科焦虑。可以建立适当的方法和信任关系，改善儿童的口腔健康状况并减少治疗需求。
