Brown Shakara, Gargano Lisa M, Parton Hilary, Caramanica Kimberly, Farfel Mark R, Stellman Steven D, Brackbill Robert M
1Bureau of Epidemiology Services,New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene,Long Island City,New York.
2World Trade Center Health Registry,New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene,Long Island City,New York.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2016 Jun;10(3):411-9. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2016.57. Epub 2016 Apr 21.
Timely evacuation is vital for reducing adverse outcomes during disasters. This study examined factors associated with evacuation and evacuation timing during Hurricane Sandy among World Trade Center Health Registry (Registry) enrollees.
The study sample included 1162 adults who resided in New York City's evacuation zone A during Hurricane Sandy who completed the Registry's Hurricane Sandy substudy in 2013. Factors assessed included zone awareness, prior evacuation experience, community cohesion, emergency preparedness, and poor physical health. Prevalence estimates and multiple logistic regression models of evacuation at any time and evacuation before Hurricane Sandy were created.
Among respondents who evacuated for Hurricane Sandy (51%), 24% had evacuated before the storm. In adjusted analyses, those more likely to evacuate knew they resided in an evacuation zone, had evacuated during Hurricane Irene, or reported pre-Sandy community cohesion. Evacuation was less likely among those who reported being prepared for an emergency. For evacuation timing, evacuation before Hurricane Sandy was less likely among those with pets and those who reported 14 or more poor physical health days.
Higher evacuation rates were observed for respondents seemingly more informed and who lived in neighborhoods with greater social capital. Improved disaster messaging that amplifies these factors may increase adherence with evacuation warnings. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:411-419).
及时疏散对于减少灾难期间的不良后果至关重要。本研究调查了世贸中心健康登记处（登记处）登记人员在桑迪飓风期间与疏散及疏散时间相关的因素。
研究样本包括1162名成年人，他们在桑迪飓风期间居住在纽约市疏散区A，并于2013年完成了登记处的桑迪飓风子研究。评估的因素包括区域意识、先前的疏散经历、社区凝聚力、应急准备情况和身体健康状况不佳。建立了随时疏散以及在桑迪飓风来临前疏散的患病率估计值和多元逻辑回归模型。
在因桑迪飓风而疏散的受访者中（51%），24%在风暴来临前就已疏散。在调整分析中，更有可能疏散的人知道自己居住在疏散区，在艾琳飓风期间疏散过，或者报告了桑迪飓风来临前的社区凝聚力。报告为紧急情况做好准备的人疏散的可能性较小。对于疏散时间，有宠物的人和报告有14天或更多身体健康不佳天数的人在桑迪飓风来临前疏散的可能性较小。
对于似乎了解情况且生活在社会资本较高社区的受访者，观察到更高的疏散率。强化这些因素的改进后的灾难信息传递可能会提高对疏散警告的遵守程度。（《灾难医学与公共卫生防范》。2016年；10：411 - 419）
