Alper Howard E, Gargano Lisa M, Hamwey Meghan K, Leon Lydia F, Friedman Liza
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, World Trade Center Health Registry, 30-30 47th Avenue, Room 414, Long Island City, New York, NY 11101, USA.
Rhode Island Department of Health, 3 Capitol Hill, Providence, RI 02908, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Jul 7;22(7):1082. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22071082.
Natural and man-made disasters are occurring more frequently, making household emergency preparedness essential for an effective response. Enrollees of the World Trade Center Health Registry have been found to be less prepared than the US national average despite their prior disaster exposure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two interventions-a mailed brochure and a structured phone call-for increasing emergency preparedness knowledge among this population. We conducted a two-arm parallel group trial between February 2019 and August 2020. Participants were Registry enrollees who completed the Wave 4 Registry (2015-2016) survey, whose primary language was English or Spanish, who lived in New York City, and who did not report being a rescue and recovery worker affiliated with FDNY or NYPD. Enrollees were randomized to receive either a brochure by mail summarizing the components of emergency preparedness or a 15 min phone call describing the same. The primary outcome measure was the number of "yes" responses to the ten-item CDC CASPER emergency preparedness questionnaire, measured at baseline and post-intervention. Enrollees were sequentially alternatively assigned to either the brochure or phone call groups. In total, 705 enrollees were assigned to the brochure ( = 353) or phone call ( = 352) groups, and a total of 702 enrollees were analyzed. The Incident Rate Ratio (IRR) for the effect of time was 1.17 (95% CI = (1.14, 1.20)) and for intervention was 1.00 (95% CI = (0.95, 1.05)) Both the brochure and phone call interventions improved knowledge of emergency preparedness from baseline to post-intervention assessment, and to the same extent.
自然灾害和人为灾害发生得越来越频繁，这使得家庭应急准备对于有效应对至关重要。尽管世贸中心健康登记处的登记者此前经历过灾难，但研究发现他们的应急准备情况不如美国全国平均水平。本研究的目的是评估和比较两种干预措施——邮寄宣传册和结构化电话——对提高该人群应急准备知识的有效性。我们在2019年2月至2020年8月期间进行了一项双臂平行组试验。参与者是完成了第四轮登记处（2015 - 2016年）调查的登记处登记者，其主要语言为英语或西班牙语，居住在纽约市，且未报告是隶属于纽约市消防局或纽约市警察局的救援和恢复工作人员。登记者被随机分配，要么收到一份通过邮件总结应急准备内容的宣传册，要么接到一个描述相同内容的15分钟电话。主要结局指标是对美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的十项CASPER应急准备问卷回答“是”的数量，在基线和干预后进行测量。登记者被依次交替分配到宣传册组或电话组。总共705名登记者被分配到宣传册组（= 353）或电话组（= 352），共分析了702名登记者。时间效应的发病率比（IRR）为1.17（95%置信区间 = (1.14, 1.20)），干预效应的发病率比为1.00（95%置信区间 = (0.95, 1.05)）。从基线到干预后评估，宣传册和电话干预都提高了应急准备知识，且程度相同。
