Pak Nasrin Mostafavi, Rempillo Ofelia, Norman Ann-Lise, Layzell David B
a Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta , Canada.
b Canadian Energy Systems Analysis Research (CESAR) Initiative and Department of Biological Sciences , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta , Canada.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2016 Aug;66(8):739-47. doi: 10.1080/10962247.2016.1176084.
The early atmospheric detection of carbon dioxide (CO2) leaks from carbon capture and storage (CCS) sites is important both to inform remediation efforts and to build and maintain public support for CCS in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. A gas analysis system was developed to assess the origin of plumes of air enriched in CO2, as to whether CO2 is from a CCS site or from the oxidation of carbon compounds. The system measured CO2 and O2 concentrations for different plume samples relative to background air and calculated the gas differential concentration ratio (GDCR = -ΔO2/ΔCO2). The experimental results were in good agreement with theoretical calculations that placed GDCR values for a CO2 leak at 0.21, compared with GDCR values of 1-1.8 for the combustion of carbon compounds. Although some combustion plume samples deviated in GDCR from theoretical, the very low GDCR values associated with plumes from CO2 leaks provided confidence that this technology holds promise in providing a tool for the early detection of CO2 leaks from CCS sites.
This work contributes to the development of a cost-effective technology for the early detection of leaks from sites where CO2 has been injected into the subsurface to enhance oil recovery or to permanently store the gas as a strategy for mitigating climate change. Such technology will be important in building public confidence regarding the safety and security of carbon capture and storage sites.
对碳捕获与封存（CCS）场地早期进行大气中二氧化碳（CO₂）泄漏检测，对于指导补救工作以及建立和维持公众对CCS在缓解温室气体排放方面的支持都很重要。开发了一种气体分析系统，以评估富含CO₂的空气羽流的来源，即CO₂是来自CCS场地还是来自碳化合物的氧化。该系统测量了不同羽流样本相对于背景空气的CO₂和O₂浓度，并计算了气体差分浓度比（GDCR = -ΔO₂/ΔCO₂）。实验结果与理论计算结果高度吻合，理论计算得出CO₂泄漏的GDCR值为0.21，而碳化合物燃烧的GDCR值为1 - 1.8。尽管一些燃烧羽流样本的GDCR值偏离了理论值，但与CO₂泄漏羽流相关的极低GDCR值让人相信，这项技术有望为早期检测CCS场地的CO₂泄漏提供一种工具。
这项工作有助于开发一种经济高效的技术，用于早期检测将CO₂注入地下以提高石油采收率或永久储存该气体作为缓解气候变化策略的场地的泄漏情况。这种技术对于建立公众对碳捕获与封存场地安全性的信心将很重要。
