Nelson Anders, Mooney Richard
Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Neuron. 2016 May 4;90(3):635-48. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.03.031. Epub 2016 Apr 21.
Cholinergic inputs to the auditory cortex from the basal forebrain (BF) are important to auditory processing and plasticity, but little is known about the organization of these synapses onto different auditory cortical neuron types, how they influence auditory responsiveness, and their activity patterns during various behaviors. Using intersectional tracing, optogenetic circuit mapping, and in vivo calcium imaging, we found that cholinergic axons arising from the caudal BF target major excitatory and inhibitory auditory cortical cell types, rapidly modulate auditory cortical tuning, and display fast movement-related activity. Furthermore, the BF and the motor cortex-another source of movement-related activity-provide convergent input onto some of the same auditory cortical neurons. Cholinergic and motor cortical afferents to the auditory cortex display distinct activity patterns and presynaptic partners, indicating that the auditory cortex integrates bottom-up cholinergic signals related to ongoing movements and arousal with top-down information concerning impending movements and motor planning.
来自基底前脑（BF）的胆碱能输入对听觉处理和可塑性很重要，但对于这些突触在不同听觉皮层神经元类型上的组织方式、它们如何影响听觉反应性以及在各种行为过程中的活动模式知之甚少。通过交叉追踪、光遗传学电路映射和体内钙成像，我们发现源自尾侧BF的胆碱能轴突靶向主要的兴奋性和抑制性听觉皮层细胞类型，快速调节听觉皮层调谐，并显示出与运动相关的快速活动。此外，BF和运动皮层——另一个与运动相关活动的来源——在一些相同的听觉皮层神经元上提供汇聚输入。听觉皮层的胆碱能和运动皮层传入显示出不同的活动模式和突触前伙伴，表明听觉皮层将与正在进行的运动和觉醒相关的自下而上的胆碱能信号与有关即将发生的运动和运动计划的自上而下的信息整合在一起。
