Veisi H, Choobineh A R, Ghaem H
Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Int J Occup Environ Med. 2016 Apr;7(2):87-97. doi: 10.15171/ijoem.2016.725.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are among important health problems in working population. Because of performing difficult physical activities, hand-woven shoe-sole makers are at risk of developing various types of MSDs.
To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in different body areas of hand-woven shoe-sole makers, assess workers' postures and workstations, evaluate ergonomic and individual factors associated with MSDs, and develop guidelines for designing hand-woven shoe-sole making workstation.
In this cross-sectional study, the prevalence of MSDs symptoms and their risk factors were studied among 240 hand-woven shoe-sole makers. Working posture and workstations were ergonomically assessed as well. The data were collected through interviewing and using Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire and by direct observation of posture using RULA method. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors associated with MSDs symptoms.
The prevalence and severity of MSDs symptoms were high among the study population. Ergonomic factors including daily working time, working posture, and force exertion, as well as individual factors, such as age, job tenure, and education were significantly associated with MSDs symptoms.
It seems that the majority of ergonomics shortcomings originate from poorly designed workstation. Some general guidelines for designing shoe-sole making workstation are presented.
肌肉骨骼疾病（MSDs）是劳动人口中的重要健康问题。由于从事艰苦的体力活动，手工编织鞋底工人有患各种肌肉骨骼疾病的风险。
确定手工编织鞋底工人不同身体部位肌肉骨骼症状的患病率，评估工人的姿势和工作场所，评估与肌肉骨骼疾病相关的人体工程学和个体因素，并制定手工编织鞋底制作工作场所设计指南。
在这项横断面研究中，对240名手工编织鞋底工人的肌肉骨骼疾病症状患病率及其危险因素进行了研究。还对工作姿势和工作场所进行了人体工程学评估。通过访谈、使用北欧肌肉骨骼问卷以及使用RULA方法直接观察姿势来收集数据。采用逻辑回归分析确定与肌肉骨骼疾病症状相关的危险因素。
研究人群中肌肉骨骼疾病症状的患病率和严重程度较高。包括每日工作时间、工作姿势和用力等人体工程学因素，以及年龄、工作年限和教育程度等个体因素与肌肉骨骼疾病症状显著相关。
似乎大多数人体工程学缺陷源于设计不佳的工作场所。提出了一些设计鞋底制作工作场所的一般指南。
