Keswani Anisha, Oliver David M, Gutierrez Tony, Quilliam Richard S
Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
Mar Environ Res. 2016 Jul;118:10-9. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.04.006. Epub 2016 Apr 11.
Marine plastic debris is well characterized in terms of its ability to negatively impact terrestrial and marine environments, endanger coastal wildlife, and interfere with navigation, tourism and commercial fisheries. However, the impacts of potentially harmful microorganisms and pathogens colonising plastic litter are not well understood. The hard surface of plastics provides an ideal environment for opportunistic microbial colonisers to form biofilms and might offer a protective niche capable of supporting a diversity of different microorganisms, known as the "Plastisphere". This biotope could act as an important vector for the persistence and spread of pathogens, faecal indicator organisms (FIOs) and harmful algal bloom species (HABs) across beach and bathing environments. This review will focus on the existent knowledge and research gaps, and identify the possible consequences of plastic-associated microbes on human health, the spread of infectious diseases and bathing water quality.
海洋塑料垃圾对陆地和海洋环境产生负面影响、危及沿海野生动物以及干扰航海、旅游业和商业渔业的能力已得到充分认识。然而，人们对定殖在塑料垃圾上的潜在有害微生物和病原体的影响了解甚少。塑料的坚硬表面为机会性微生物定殖者形成生物膜提供了理想环境，并且可能提供一个能够支持多种不同微生物的保护性生态位，即所谓的“塑料圈”。这个生物群落可能成为病原体、粪便指示生物（FIOs）和有害藻华物种（HABs）在海滩和浴场环境中持续存在和传播的重要媒介。本综述将聚焦于现有知识和研究空白，并确定与塑料相关的微生物对人类健康、传染病传播和浴场水质可能产生的后果。
