Figueroa J, Solà-Oriol D, Guzmán-Pino S A, Chetrit C, Borda E, Pérez J F
J Anim Sci. 2016 Apr;94(4):1531-40. doi: 10.2527/jas.2015-0019.
A total of 552 entire male and female nursery pigs were selected to be used in 2 different experiments that aimed to study if milk ingredients can be replaced by highly preferred protein sources (Exp. 1) and if pre- and postnatal exposure of those protein ingredients through the maternal diet may increase pig performance (Exp. 2). In Exp. 1, 240 pigs were separated after weaning (28 d) into 2 groups depending on the presence of lactose in their diets. Pigs ( =120) fed diets with the precence of lactose (lactose +) were given prestarter (0-14 d) and starter (15-33 d) diets with 142 and 50 g/kg of sweet milk whey, respectively; the lactose-free group ( = 120) was offered an isoenergetic diet with 20 g/kg of porcine-digestible peptides (PDP; Palbio 62SP; Bioibérica S.A., Palafolls, Spain) and wheat replacing sweet milk whey. Choice and 1-feeder tests were performed in another group of animals ( = 72) to evaluate the preference and acceptance for both diets. Pigs preferred ( = 0.039) the lactose+ over the lactose-free diet after a 30-min choice test and consumed more ( = 0.001) lactose+ than lactose-free diet in a 1-feeder test. However, no difference ( > 0.467) in performance was observed between groups for the entire nursery period. In Exp. 2, 120 animals were obtained from sows that, during late gestation (14 d) and lactation (28 d), were fed diets containing 20 g/kg of PDP and another 120 animals were obtained from sows fed an isoenergetic diet without PDP inclusion. Placenta samples were collected at farrowing to assess the volatile compounds present in the placental fluid of sows. After weaning, all pigs received a feed containing 20 g/kg of PDP in the prestarter and starter diets. A principal components analysis of the total volatile compounds showed the exclusive presence of sulfur-containing compounds and a higher presence of terpene compounds in the placental fluid of PDP-supplemented sows. In addition, pigs coming from sows fed diets supplemented with PDP tended to show a higher ADFI ( = 0.07) and ADG ( = 0.06) than did pigs coming from control sows during the 15 to 33 d after-weaning period. These results suggest that dietary incorporation of sweet milk whey may be replaced by a specific protein source without affecting performance of pigs after weaning. However, more experiments are needed to elucidate the mechanism for the sow's diets' influence over pig's performance.
总共挑选了552头雌雄仔猪用于两项不同的实验，旨在研究乳成分是否可以被高度偏好的蛋白质来源替代（实验1），以及这些蛋白质成分在产前和产后通过母体饮食暴露是否会提高仔猪性能（实验2）。在实验1中，240头仔猪在断奶（28日龄）后根据日粮中乳糖的存在情况分为两组。饲喂含乳糖日粮（乳糖+）的仔猪（n = 120），分别给予含142 g/kg和50 g/kg甜乳清的开食前期（0 - 14日龄）和开食期（15 - 33日龄）日粮；无乳糖组（n = 120）则提供一种等能量日粮，用20 g/kg猪可消化肽（PDP；Palbio 62SP；西班牙帕拉福尔斯的Bioibérica S.A.公司）和小麦替代甜乳清。在另一组动物（n = 72）中进行了选择和单饲试验，以评估两种日粮的偏好性和接受度。在30分钟的选择试验后，仔猪更偏好（P = 0.039）乳糖+日粮而非无乳糖日粮，并且在单饲试验中，仔猪对乳糖+日粮的采食量更多（P = 0.001）。然而，在整个保育期，两组之间的生长性能没有差异（P > 0.467）。在实验2中，从妊娠后期（第14天）和哺乳期（第28天）饲喂含20 g/kg PDP日粮的母猪中获得120头仔猪，另外120头仔猪来自饲喂不含PDP等能量日粮的母猪。在分娩时采集胎盘样本，以评估母猪胎盘液中存在的挥发性化合物。断奶后，所有仔猪在开食前期和开食期日粮中均接受含20 g/kg PDP的饲料。对总挥发性化合物的主成分分析表明，补充PDP的母猪胎盘液中仅存在含硫化合物，并且萜类化合物的含量更高。此外，在断奶后15至33天期间，来自补充PDP日粮母猪的仔猪比来自对照母猪的仔猪往往表现出更高的平均日采食量（P = 0.07）和平均日增重（P = 0.06）。这些结果表明，甜乳清在日粮中的添加可以被特定蛋白质来源替代，而不影响断奶后仔猪的性能。然而，需要更多实验来阐明母猪日粮对仔猪性能影响的机制。
