Huot Suzanne, Kelly Erin, Park Soo Jin
School of Occupational Therapy, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
Aust Occup Ther J. 2016 Jun;63(3):186-205. doi: 10.1111/1440-1630.12261. Epub 2016 May 2.
BACKGROUND/AIM: International or internal migration as a result of unexpected circumstances, such as that experienced by forced migrants (i.e. refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced persons), can disrupt established occupations. Occupational therapists have the potential to improve quality of life by re-establishing lost occupations. Research on forced migrants has been increasing within the occupation-based literature and has the potential to inform practice with this population. Our aim was to identify and synthesise current knowledge of the occupational experiences of forced migrants.
This scoping review was conducted using the framework articulated by Arksey and O'Malley (International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2005; 8, 19). Inclusion criteria for selected articles included peer-reviewed articles published in English between 2003 and 2014 that focussed on forced migrant populations and that were written from an occupational perspective. Exclusion criteria consisted of grey literature as well as articles focussed more broadly on immigrants in general, and that failed to adopt occupation as a central construct.
Based on a total of 320 studies that were identified, 24 met the inclusion criteria. Six themes emerged as a result of the data extraction and synthesis process: occupational deprivation, occupational imbalance, occupational adaptation, occupational change, efforts to maintain and re-establish identity, and outlook for the future.
This scoping review outlines key factors that affect forced migrants' occupational experiences and highlights gaps in the current literature. The results point towards potential practice implications for occupational therapists working with forced migrant populations to help promote culturally safe approaches.
背景/目的：因意外情况导致的国际或国内迁移，如被迫移民（即难民、寻求庇护者和境内流离失所者）所经历的情况，可能会扰乱既定职业。职业治疗师有潜力通过重新建立失去的职业来提高生活质量。在基于职业的文献中，对被迫移民的研究不断增加，并且有可能为针对这一人群的实践提供信息。我们的目的是识别和综合当前关于被迫移民职业经历的知识。
本综述采用阿克西和奥马利阐述的框架进行（《国际社会研究方法杂志》，2005年；8卷，第19期）。所选文章的纳入标准包括2003年至2014年间以英文发表的同行评审文章，这些文章聚焦于被迫移民群体，且从职业角度撰写。排除标准包括灰色文献以及更广泛关注一般移民且未将职业作为核心概念的文章。
在总共识别出的320项研究中，24项符合纳入标准。数据提取和综合过程产生了六个主题：职业剥夺、职业失衡、职业适应、职业变化、维持和重建身份的努力以及对未来的展望。
本综述概述了影响被迫移民职业经历的关键因素，并突出了当前文献中的空白。研究结果指出了对与被迫移民群体合作的职业治疗师的潜在实践意义，以帮助推广文化安全的方法。
