de Bruin Marijn, Viechtbauer Wolfgang, Eisma Maarten C, Hartmann-Boyce Jamie, West Robert, Bull Eleanor, Michie Susan, Johnston Marie
Aberdeen Health Psychology Group, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland.
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Syst Rev. 2016 May 4;5:77. doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0253-1.
Systematic reviews of behaviour change interventions for smoking cessation vary in scope, quality, and applicability. The current review aims to generate more accurate and useful findings by (1) a detailed analysis of intervention elements that change behaviour (i.e. behaviour change techniques (BCTs)) and potential moderators of behaviour change (i.e. other intervention and sample characteristics) and (2) assessing and controlling for variability in support provided to comparison groups in smoking cessation trials.
A systematic review will be conducted of randomized controlled trials of behaviour change interventions for smoking cessation in adults (with or without pharmacological support), with a minimum follow-up of 6 months, published after 1995. Eligible articles will be identified through the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialized Register. Study authors will be asked for detailed descriptions of smoking cessation support provided to intervention and comparison groups. All data will be independently coded by two researchers. The BCT taxonomy v1 (tailored to smoking cessation interventions) and template for intervention description and replication criteria will be used to code intervention characteristics. Data collection will further include sample and trial characteristics and outcome data (smoking cessation rates). Multilevel mixed-effects meta-regression models will be used to examine which BCTs and/or BCT clusters delivered to intervention and comparison groups explain smoking cessation rates in treatment arms (and effect sizes) and what key moderators of behaviour change are. Predicted effect sizes of each intervention will be computed assuming all interventions are compared against comparison groups receiving the same levels of behavioural support (i.e. low, medium, and high levels). Multi-disciplinary advisory board members (policymakers, health care providers, and (ex-)smokers) will provide strategic input throughout the project to ensure the review's applicability to policy and practice.
By capturing BCTs in intervention and comparison groups, this systematic review will provide more accurate estimates of the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions, the most promising BCTs and/or BCT clusters associated with smoking cessation rates in intervention and comparison arms, and important moderators of behaviour change. The results could set new standards for conducting meta-analyses of behaviour change interventions and improve research, service delivery, and training in the area of smoking cessation.
PROSPERO CRD42015025251.
针对戒烟的行为改变干预措施的系统评价在范围、质量和适用性方面存在差异。当前的综述旨在通过以下方式得出更准确、更有用的结果：（1）详细分析改变行为的干预要素（即行为改变技术（BCTs））和行为改变的潜在调节因素（即其他干预和样本特征）；（2）评估并控制戒烟试验中给予对照组的支持的变异性。
将对1995年以后发表的、针对成年人戒烟的行为改变干预措施（有或没有药物支持）的随机对照试验进行系统评价，最低随访时间为6个月。符合条件的文章将通过Cochrane烟草成瘾小组专业注册库进行识别。将要求研究作者详细描述给予干预组和对照组的戒烟支持。所有数据将由两名研究人员独立编码。将使用BCT分类法v1（针对戒烟干预措施进行了调整）以及干预描述和复制标准模板对干预特征进行编码。数据收集还将包括样本和试验特征以及结果数据（戒烟率）。将使用多水平混合效应元回归模型来检验给予干预组和对照组的哪些BCTs和/或BCT集群能够解释治疗组中的戒烟率（以及效应大小），以及行为改变的关键调节因素是什么。假设所有干预措施都与接受相同水平行为支持（即低、中、高支持水平）的对照组进行比较，将计算每种干预措施的预测效应大小。多学科咨询委员会成员（政策制定者、医疗保健提供者和（前）吸烟者）将在整个项目中提供战略意见，以确保综述对政策和实践具有适用性。
通过记录干预组和对照组中的BCTs，本系统评价将更准确地估计戒烟干预措施的有效性、与干预组和对照组的戒烟率相关的最有前景的BCTs和/或BCT集群，以及行为改变的重要调节因素。研究结果可能为行为改变干预措施的元分析设定新的标准，并改善戒烟领域的研究、服务提供和培训。
PROSPERO CRD42015025251。
