Court-Brown Charles M, McQueen Margaret M
University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2016 May 4;98(9):e36. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.15.00793.
Fractures in the elderly are increasing in incidence and becoming a major health issue in many countries. With an increasing number of the elderly living to an older age, the problems associated with fractures will continue to increase. We describe the epidemiology of fractures in the elderly and identify six fracture patterns in the population of patients who are sixty-five years of age or older. We also analyzed multiple fractures and open fractures in the elderly and we show that both increase in incidence with older age. The incidence of open fractures in elderly women is equivalent to that in young men. Many factors, including patient socioeconomic deprivation, increase the incidence of fractures in the elderly. More than 90% of fractures follow low-energy falls and the mortality is considerable. Mortality increases with older age and medical comorbidities, but there is also evidence that it relates to premature discharge from the hospital.
老年人骨折的发病率正在上升，在许多国家已成为一个主要的健康问题。随着越来越多的老年人寿命延长，与骨折相关的问题将继续增加。我们描述了老年人骨折的流行病学情况，并确定了65岁及以上患者群体中的六种骨折类型。我们还分析了老年人的多发性骨折和开放性骨折，结果表明这两种骨折的发病率均随年龄增长而增加。老年女性开放性骨折的发病率与年轻男性相当。包括患者社会经济贫困在内的许多因素都会增加老年人骨折的发病率。超过90%的骨折是由低能量跌倒所致，且死亡率相当高。死亡率随年龄增长和合并症而增加，但也有证据表明其与过早出院有关。
