Lu Yihan, Li Jian, Li Jing
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, Shenyang, China -
Minerva Med. 2016 Aug;107(4):239-44. Epub 2016 May 5.
Most of thyroid diseases show female predilection, especially autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) and thyroid cancer (TC). We give an updated brief review here, focusing on estrogen, estrogen receptor (ER) and AITD as well as TC. Estrogen can regulate the functions of nearly all immunocyte subsets, which may contribute to the development of AITD. However, there was still lack of direct studies on ER subtype-specific effects on AITD. Recently, the local expression of ER subtypes and their individual mediated actions in the pathogenesis of TC have already received much attention. ERα activation seems to exacerbate the development of TC, while wild-type ERβ (ERβ1) plays a protective role against TC.
大多数甲状腺疾病表现出女性易感性，尤其是自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（AITD）和甲状腺癌（TC）。我们在此给出最新的简要综述，重点关注雌激素、雌激素受体（ER）与AITD以及TC的关系。雌激素可调节几乎所有免疫细胞亚群的功能，这可能促使AITD的发生发展。然而，关于ER亚型对AITD的特异性直接影响仍缺乏研究。最近，ER亚型在TC发病机制中的局部表达及其各自介导的作用已备受关注。ERα激活似乎会加剧TC的发展，而野生型ERβ（ERβ1）对TC起保护作用。
