Liu Yihao, Su Lei, Xiao Haipeng
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, China.
Int J Endocrinol. 2017;2017:5308635. doi: 10.1155/2017/5308635. Epub 2017 May 2.
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer, of which the incidence has dramatically increased worldwide in the past few decades. The reasons for the observed rapid increase still are not fully understood, but evidence suggests that overdiagnosis, with the advancement in detection methods and screening policies, is not the sole driver of the substantial increase of the incidence. However, the effect of environmental/lifestyle factors remains speculative other than that of radiation exposure at a young age. This review tries to give a balanced view of debated factors leading to the thyroid cancer epidemic, to offer some alternatives in understanding the controversies, and to suggest potential directions in the search of modifiable risk factors to help reduce thyroid cancer.
甲状腺癌是最常见的内分泌系统癌症，在过去几十年间其全球发病率急剧上升。目前仍未完全理解导致这一显著增长的原因，但有证据表明，随着检测方法和筛查政策的进步，过度诊断并非发病率大幅上升的唯一驱动因素。然而，除了幼年时期的辐射暴露外，环境/生活方式因素的影响仍存在推测性。本综述旨在对导致甲状腺癌流行的争议因素给出一个平衡的观点，为理解这些争议提供一些思路，并提出在寻找可改变的风险因素以帮助降低甲状腺癌发病率方面的潜在方向。
