Garcia Daisy S
Nursing Faculty, Seattle University, Seattle, Washington.
ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 2016 Apr-Jun;39(2):165-80. doi: 10.1097/ANS.0000000000000116.
Hispanic/Latina women often fare poorly when attempting to access the health care that they need in the United States. Using an established criterion, this article analyzes the application of the health belief model (HBM), social cognitive theory (SCT), and health promotion model (HPM) in the context of Hispanic women's limited access to, and use of, health resources to promote their health. An individual's perceptions and the likelihood of taking action are the focus of HBM. SCT is regarded as important sociostructural and personal determinants in the regulation of human behavior. Finally, HPM centers on the unique characteristics and experiences of an individual that motivate him or her toward positive health behavior. The analysis suggests that HPM is a better fit to explore the relationship among sociocultural factors, lifestyle practices, and the positive perceived affect of Hispanic women engaging in healthy behaviors and utilizing health care in the United States. HPM can guide the design of both health-enhancing and disease-prevention strategies that specifically address Hispanic women's unique health needs.
在美国，西班牙裔/拉丁裔女性在试图获得所需的医疗保健时，往往情况不佳。本文采用既定标准，分析了健康信念模型（HBM）、社会认知理论（SCT）和健康促进模型（HPM）在西班牙裔女性获取和利用健康资源以促进健康方面受限的背景下的应用。个人认知和采取行动的可能性是健康信念模型的重点。社会认知理论被视为人类行为调节中重要的社会结构和个人决定因素。最后，健康促进模型关注个体的独特特征和经历，这些特征和经历促使其采取积极的健康行为。分析表明，健康促进模型更适合探讨社会文化因素、生活方式实践以及西班牙裔女性在美国从事健康行为和利用医疗保健时的积极感知影响之间的关系。健康促进模型可以指导设计既能增强健康又能预防疾病的策略，这些策略专门针对西班牙裔女性独特的健康需求。
