Takeda Tsuyoshi, Sakai Shin, Takagi Hideki, Okuno Keisuke, Tsubakimoto Shozo
a School of Health and Sports Science , Juntendo University , Inzai , Japan.
b Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan.
J Sports Sci. 2017 Mar;35(6):565-571. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1180417. Epub 2016 May 5.
This study examines the hand and foot reaction force recorded independently while performing the kick-start technique. Eleven male competitive swimmers performed three trials for the kick-start with maximum effort. Three force platforms (main block, backplate and handgrip) were used to measure reaction forces during starting motion. Force impulses from the hands, front foot and rearfoot were calculated via time integration. During the kick-start, the vertical impulse from the front foot was significantly higher than that from the rearfoot and the horizontal impulse from the rearfoot was significantly higher than that from the front foot. The force impulse from the front foot was dominant for generating vertical take-off velocity and the force impulse from the rearfoot was dominant for horizontal take-off velocity. The kick-start's shorter block time in comparison to prior measurements of the grab start was explained by the development of horizontal reaction force from the hands and the rearfoot at the beginning of the starting motion.
本研究考察了在执行蹬壁出发技术时独立记录的手和脚的反作用力。11名男性竞技游泳运动员以最大努力进行了三次蹬壁出发试验。使用三个力平台（主块、背板和手柄）来测量出发动作期间的反作用力。通过时间积分计算来自手、前脚和后脚的力冲量。在蹬壁出发过程中，前脚的垂直冲量显著高于后脚，而后脚的水平冲量显著高于前脚。前脚的力冲量对于产生垂直起跳速度起主导作用，而后脚的力冲量对于水平起跳速度起主导作用。与之前抓台式出发的测量结果相比，蹬壁出发的蹬壁时间更短，这可以通过出发动作开始时来自手和后脚的水平反作用力的发展来解释。
