肌张力障碍与震颤：伴有孤立性震颤的临床综合征
Dystonia and Tremor: The Clinical Syndromes with Isolated Tremor.
作者信息
Albanese Alberto, Sorbo Francesca Del
机构信息
Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy; Istituto di Neurologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
出版信息
Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2016 Apr 5;6:319. doi: 10.7916/D8X34XBM. eCollection 2016.
BACKGROUND
Dystonia and tremor share many commonalities. Isolated tremor is part of the phenomenological spectrum of isolated dystonia and of essential tremor. The occurrence of subtle features of dystonia may allow one to differentiate dystonic tremor from essential tremor. Diagnostic uncertainty is enhanced when no features of dystonia are found in patients with a tremor syndrome, raising the question whether the observed phenomenology is an incomplete form of dystonia.
METHODS
Known forms of syndromes with isolated tremor are reviewed. Diagnostic uncertainties between tremor and dystonia are put into perspective.
RESULTS
The following isolated tremor syndromes are reviewed: essential tremor, head tremor, voice tremor, jaw tremor, and upper-limb tremor. Their varied phenomenology is analyzed and appraised in the light of a possible relationship with dystonia.
DISCUSSION
Clinicians making a diagnosis of isolated tremor should remain vigilant for the detection of features of dystonia. This is in keeping with the recent view that isolated tremor may be an incomplete phenomenology of dystonia.
背景
肌张力障碍和震颤有许多共同之处。孤立性震颤是孤立性肌张力障碍和特发性震颤现象学谱的一部分。肌张力障碍细微特征的出现可能有助于将肌张力障碍性震颤与特发性震颤区分开来。当震颤综合征患者未发现肌张力障碍特征时，诊断的不确定性会增加，这就引发了一个问题，即观察到的现象学是否是肌张力障碍的一种不完全形式。
方法
对已知的孤立性震颤综合征形式进行综述。将震颤和肌张力障碍之间的诊断不确定性纳入考量。
结果
对以下孤立性震颤综合征进行综述：特发性震颤、头部震颤、声音震颤、下颌震颤和上肢震颤。根据与肌张力障碍可能存在的关系，对它们多样的现象学进行分析和评估。
讨论
诊断孤立性震颤的临床医生应保持警惕，以发现肌张力障碍的特征。这与最近认为孤立性震颤可能是肌张力障碍不完全现象学的观点一致。
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