Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Jul;100(13):5703-18. doi: 10.1007/s00253-016-7583-8. Epub 2016 May 7.
Apocarotenoids are natural compounds derived from the oxidative cleavage of carotenoids. Particularly, C13-apocarotenoids are volatile compounds that contribute to the aromas of different flowers and fruits and are highly valued by the Flavor and Fragrance industry. So far, the chemical synthesis of these terpenoids has dominated the industry. Nonetheless, the increasing consumer demand for more natural and sustainable processes raises an interesting opportunity for bio-production alternatives. In this regard, enzymatic biocatalysis and metabolically engineered microorganisms emerge as attractive biotechnological options. The present review summarizes promising bioengineering approaches with regard to chemical production methods for the synthesis of two families of C13-apocarotenoids: ionones/dihydroionones and damascones/damascenone. We discuss each method and its applicability, with a thorough comparative analysis for ionones, focusing on the production process, regulatory aspects, and sustainability.
类胡萝卜素是由类胡萝卜素氧化裂解产生的天然化合物。特别是 C13-类胡萝卜素是挥发性化合物，为不同花卉和水果的香气做出贡献，深受香料和香精行业的重视。到目前为止，这些萜类化合物的化学合成一直主导着这个行业。然而，消费者对更天然和可持续工艺的需求不断增加，为生物生产替代方法提供了一个有趣的机会。在这方面，酶生物催化和代谢工程微生物作为有吸引力的生物技术选择出现了。本综述总结了关于合成两种 C13-类胡萝卜素家族（紫罗兰酮/二氢紫罗兰酮和大马酮/大马士酮）的化学生产方法的有前途的生物工程方法。我们讨论了每种方法及其适用性，并对紫罗兰酮进行了彻底的比较分析，重点是生产工艺、监管方面和可持续性。
