Flagler S
Department of Parent and Child Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
J Adv Nurs. 1989 Mar;14(3):190-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1989.tb01524.x.
The semantic differential (SD) technique is seen increasingly in studies by nurse investigators. A better understanding of this technique will assist in the appraisal of findings based on SD data. In taking a semantic differential the respondent describes the meaning of a given concept or stimulus by marking a series of bipolar adjective pair scales. Scoring and analysis can proceed in various ways but should not violate the semantic differential's multidimensional nature. The evaluative, potency, and activity dimensions commonly seen in the technique are described. How to construct an SD is explained. The ease with which an SD can be completed makes this technique suitable for clinical populations. The process of developing an SD to measure maternal role competence provides an example of using the technique in a new area of investigation. Factor analysis of the SD to measure the concept myself as a mother revealed that the adjective pairs did not cluster according to the typical SD dimensions. Alternative dimensions are described. These new dimensions gain support from their correlation with other measures of maternal role. The SD provides a promising technique for the measurement of maternal role competence.
语义差异（SD）技术在护士研究者的研究中越来越常见。更好地理解这项技术将有助于评估基于SD数据的研究结果。在进行语义差异分析时，受访者通过在一系列双极形容词对量表上做标记来描述给定概念或刺激的含义。评分和分析可以通过多种方式进行，但不应违背语义差异的多维性质。文中描述了该技术中常见的评价、效价和活动维度。解释了如何构建一个语义差异量表。语义差异量表易于完成的特点使其适用于临床人群。开发一个用于测量母亲角色能力的语义差异量表的过程提供了在一个新的研究领域中使用该技术的示例。对测量“作为母亲的我”这一概念的语义差异量表进行因子分析后发现，形容词对并未按照典型的语义差异维度聚类。文中描述了替代维度。这些新维度通过与母亲角色的其他测量方法的相关性获得了支持。语义差异量表为测量母亲角色能力提供了一种很有前景的技术。
