Gardner Elizabeth C, Chan Wayne W, Sutton Karen M, Blaine Theodore A
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2016 Oct;44(10):2675-2681. doi: 10.1177/0363546516644246. Epub 2016 May 3.
Men's lacrosse has been one of the fastest growing team sports in the United States, at both the collegiate and high school levels. Uniquely, it combines both continuous overhead and contact activity. Thus, an understanding of its injury epidemiology and mechanisms is vital. Shoulder injuries have been shown to be common in the sport, but thus far there has been no dedicated analysis of these injuries with which to better inform injury prevention strategies.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
All athlete exposures (AEs) and shoulder injuries reported to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance System for intercollegiate men's lacrosse athletes from 2004-2005 through 2008-2009 were collected. Type of injury was documented and the injury incidence per 1000 AEs was calculated. Event type, injury mechanism, specific injury, outcome, and time lost were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using 95% CIs, calculated based on a normal approximation to Poisson distribution.
There were a total of 124 observed shoulder injuries during 229,591 monitored AEs. With weights, this estimates 1707 shoulder injuries over 2,873,973 AEs, for an incidence of 0.59 per 1000 AEs (95% CI, 0.56-0.62). The incidence of shoulder injury during competition was 1.89 per 1000 AEs (95% CI, 1.76-2.02), compared with 0.35 per 1000 AEs (95% CI, 0.33-0.38) during practice. Acromioclavicular joint injuries were most common (0.29 per 1000 AEs; 95% CI, 0.27-0.31). Labral injuries and instability events were also frequent (0.11 per 1000 AEs; 95% CI, 0.10-0.13). Player-to-player contact caused 57% of all shoulder injuries, with 25% due to contact with the playing surface. The average time lost was 11.0 days, with 41.9% of all shoulder injuries requiring ≥10 days. Clavicle fractures and posterior shoulder dislocation were particularly severe, with no athletes returning to play during the same season.
Shoulder injuries are common in NCAA men's lacrosse and are an important source of lost playing time. Acromioclavicular injuries were the most frequent injury in this series, but labral and instability injuries were also common. In this increasingly popular contact sport, an understanding of the epidemiology and mechanism of shoulder injuries may be used to improve protective equipment and develop injury prevention.
男子长曲棍球运动在美国大学和高中层面都是发展最快的团队运动之一。其独特之处在于它既包含持续的头顶上方动作，又有身体接触活动。因此，了解其损伤流行病学和机制至关重要。肩部损伤在这项运动中已被证明很常见，但迄今为止，尚未对这些损伤进行专门分析，以便更好地为损伤预防策略提供依据。
描述性流行病学研究。
收集了2004 - 2005年至2008 - 2009年期间向美国国家大学体育协会（NCAA）损伤监测系统报告的所有大学生男子长曲棍球运动员的运动员暴露次数（AE）和肩部损伤情况。记录损伤类型，并计算每1000次AE的损伤发生率。记录事件类型、损伤机制、具体损伤、结果和失能时间。使用基于泊松分布正态近似计算的95%置信区间进行统计分析。
在229,591次监测的AE中，共观察到124例肩部损伤。加权后，估计在2,873,973次AE中有1707例肩部损伤，发生率为每1000次AE 0.59例（95%置信区间，0.56 - 0.62）。比赛期间肩部损伤的发生率为每1000次AE 1.89例（95%置信区间，1.76 - 2.02），而训练期间为每1000次AE 0.35例（95%置信区间，0.33 - 0.38）。肩锁关节损伤最为常见（每1000次AE 0.29例；95%置信区间，0.27 - 0.31）。盂唇损伤和不稳定事件也很常见（每1000次AE 0.11例；95%置信区间，0.10 - 0.13）。球员之间的身体接触导致了所有肩部损伤的57%，25%是由于与比赛场地接触所致。平均失能时间为11.0天，所有肩部损伤中有41.9%需要≥10天。锁骨骨折和肩关节后脱位尤为严重，没有运动员在同一赛季重返赛场。
肩部损伤在NCAA男子长曲棍球运动中很常见，是比赛时间损失的重要原因。肩锁关节损伤是本系列中最常见的损伤，但盂唇和不稳定损伤也很常见。在这项日益流行的身体接触运动中，了解肩部损伤的流行病学和机制可用于改进防护装备并制定损伤预防措施。
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