Lieu Tracy A, Zikmund-Fisher Brian J, Chou Cathy, Ray G Thomas, Wittenberg Eve
1 Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA.
2 Deaprtment of Health Behavior and Health Education, Department of Medicine, and Center for Bioethics and Social Sciences in Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2017 Mar;56(3):238-246. doi: 10.1177/0009922816649001. Epub 2016 Jul 20.
Few national studies have asked parents how to improve the childhood vaccination process. We surveyed a nationally representative online panel of parents on how to improve this process, rationales for nonstandard approaches, and alternatives to the standard schedule. Twelve percent of the 1222 respondents reported using nonstandard approaches: 3.2% used a specific schedule, 6.0% had no specific schedule, and 2.5% declined all vaccinations. The most common rationales were that too many vaccines are given at once, and discomfort with vaccine ingredients. Regarding how to improve the process, parents using the standard schedule most often said nothing could be improved (51%), or better vaccine information (22%). Those using nonstandard approaches most often would have liked more choice (40%) or better vaccine information (26%). Parents' experiences with the vaccination process could be improved by offering information prior to visits, giving more information about side effects, and allowing more flexibility about vaccine scheduling.
很少有全国性研究询问家长如何改进儿童疫苗接种流程。我们就如何改进这一流程、采用非标准方法的理由以及标准接种时间表的替代方案,对一个具有全国代表性的家长在线小组进行了调查。在1222名受访者中,12%报告采用了非标准方法:3.2%采用了特定的接种时间表,6.0%没有特定的接种时间表,2.5%拒绝了所有疫苗接种。最常见的理由是一次接种的疫苗太多,以及对疫苗成分感到不适。关于如何改进这一流程,采用标准接种时间表的家长最常说的是没有什么可以改进的(51%),或者是需要更好的疫苗信息(22%)。采用非标准方法的家长最常希望有更多选择(40%)或更好的疫苗信息(26%)。通过在就诊前提供信息、提供更多关于副作用的信息以及在疫苗接种时间安排上给予更多灵活性,可以改善家长在疫苗接种流程中的体验。