Gao Xiaojian, Zhang Xiaojun, Lin Li, Yao Dongrui, Sun Jingjing, Du Xuedi, Li Xiumei, Zhang Yue
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
College of Ocean, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang 222005, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2016 May 17;17(5):723. doi: 10.3390/ijms17050723.
Vibrio spp. are major causes of mortality in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) which is lacking adaptive immunity. Passive immunization with a specific egg yolk antibody (IgY) is a potential method for the protection of shrimp against vibriosis. In this study, immune effects of the specific egg yolk powders (IgY) against both V. harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus on white shrimp were evaluated. The egg yolk powders against V. harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus for passive immunization of white shrimp were prepared, while a tube agglutination assay and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used for detection of IgY titer. Anti-Vibrio egg yolk was encapsulated by β-cyclodextrin, which could keep the activity of the antibody in the gastrointestinal tract of shrimp. The results showed that the anti-Vibrio egg powders had an inhibiting effect on V. harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus in vitro. Lower mortality of infected zoeae, mysis, and postlarva was observed in groups fed with anti-Vibrio egg powders, compared with those fed with normal egg powders. The bacterial load in postlarva fed with specific egg powders in seeding ponds was significantly lower than those fed with normal egg powders in seeding ponds. These results show that passive immunization by oral administration with specific egg yolk powders (IgY) may provide a valuable protection of vibrio infections in white shrimp.
弧菌属是缺乏适应性免疫的凡纳滨对虾（南美白对虾）死亡的主要原因。用特异性蛋黄抗体（IgY）进行被动免疫是保护对虾免受弧菌病侵害的一种潜在方法。在本研究中，评估了特异性蛋黄粉（IgY）对凡纳滨对虾哈维氏弧菌和副溶血性弧菌的免疫效果。制备了用于凡纳滨对虾被动免疫的抗哈维氏弧菌和副溶血性弧菌的蛋黄粉，同时采用试管凝集试验和间接酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测IgY效价。抗弧菌蛋黄用β-环糊精包封，可在对虾胃肠道中保持抗体活性。结果表明，抗弧菌蛋黄粉在体外对哈维氏弧菌和副溶血性弧菌有抑制作用。与喂食普通蛋黄粉的组相比，喂食抗弧菌蛋黄粉的组中感染的溞状幼体、糠虾幼体和后期幼体的死亡率较低。在育苗池中喂食特异性蛋黄粉的后期幼体中的细菌载量显著低于喂食普通蛋黄粉的后期幼体。这些结果表明，通过口服特异性蛋黄粉（IgY）进行被动免疫可能为凡纳滨对虾的弧菌感染提供有价值的保护。
