Nogueira M S, Kessuane M C, Lobo Ladd A A B, Lobo Ladd F V, Cogliati B, Castro I A
1Laboratory of Functional Foods (LADAF),Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,University of São Paulo,Av. Lineu Prestes,580,B14,05508-900 São Paulo,Brazil.
2School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences,University of São Paulo,Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva,87,05508-270 São Paulo,Brazil.
Br J Nutr. 2016 Jul;116(2):258-69. doi: 10.1017/S0007114516001513. Epub 2016 May 20.
The effect of oxidised fatty acids on atherosclerosis progression is controversial. Thus, our objective was to evaluate the effect of long-term consumption of weakly oxidised PUFA from flaxseed oil on oxidative stress biomarkers of LDL-receptor(-/-) mice. To test our hypothesis, mice were separated into three groups. The first group received a high-fat diet containing fresh flaxseed oil (CONT-), the second was fed the same diet prepared using heated flaxseed oil (OXID), and the third group received the same diet containing fresh flaxseed oil and had diabetes induced by streptozotocin (CONT+). Oxidative stress, aortic parameters and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were assessed. After 3 months, plasma lipid profile, glucose levels, body weight, energy intake and dietary intake did not differ among groups. Likewise, oxidative stress, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), hepatic MDA expressed as nmol/mg portion (ptn) and antioxidant enzymes did not differ among the groups. Hepatic linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid and EPA acid declined in the OXID and CONT+ groups. Aortic wall thickness, lumen and diameter increased only in the OXID group. OXID and CONT+ groups exhibited higher concentrations of MDA, expressed as μmol/mg ptn per %PUFA, when compared with the CONT- group. Our results suggest that ingestion of oxidised flaxseed oil increases hepatic MDA concentration and is potentially pro-atherogenic. In addition, the mean MDA value observed in all groups was similar to those reported in other studies that used xenobiotics as oxidative stress inducers. Thus, the diet applied in this study represents an interesting model for further research involving antioxidants.
氧化脂肪酸对动脉粥样硬化进展的影响存在争议。因此，我们的目标是评估长期食用亚麻籽油中轻度氧化的多不饱和脂肪酸对低密度脂蛋白受体基因敲除（LDL-receptor(-/-)）小鼠氧化应激生物标志物的影响。为了验证我们的假设，将小鼠分为三组。第一组给予含新鲜亚麻籽油的高脂饮食（CONT-），第二组喂食用加热亚麻籽油制备的相同饮食（OXID），第三组给予含新鲜亚麻籽油的相同饮食并通过链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病（CONT+）。评估了氧化应激、主动脉参数和非酒精性脂肪性肝病。3个月后，各组间血浆脂质谱、血糖水平、体重、能量摄入和饮食摄入量无差异。同样，各组间氧化应激、血浆丙二醛（MDA）、以nmol/mg组织（ptn）表示的肝脏MDA和抗氧化酶也无差异。OXID组和CONT+组肝脏中的亚油酸、α-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸和二十碳五烯酸含量下降。仅OXID组的主动脉壁厚度、管腔和直径增加。与CONT-组相比，OXID组和CONT+组以每%多不饱和脂肪酸中μmol/mg ptn表示的MDA浓度更高。我们的结果表明，摄入氧化亚麻籽油会增加肝脏MDA浓度，并且可能具有促动脉粥样硬化作用。此外，所有组中观察到的平均MDA值与其他使用异种生物作为氧化应激诱导剂的研究报告的值相似。因此，本研究中应用的饮食代表了一个有趣的模型，可用于进一步涉及抗氧化剂的研究。
