Samadian Hadi, Hosseini-Nami Samira, Kamrava Seyed Kamran, Ghaznavi Habib, Shakeri-Zadeh Ali
Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Clinical Nanomedicine Laboratory, ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Research Center, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2016 Nov;142(11):2217-29. doi: 10.1007/s00432-016-2179-3. Epub 2016 May 21.
Conventional cancer treatment methods suffer from many limitations such as non-specificity and low efficacy in discrimination between healthy and cancer cells. Recent developments in nanotechnology have introduced novel and smart therapeutic nanomaterials that basically take advantage of various targeting approaches. Targeted nanomaterials selectively bind to the cancer cells and affect them with minor effects on healthy cells. Folic acid (folate) is an essential molecule in DNA synthesis pathway which is highly needed for cancer cell duplication. Some certain cancer cells overexpress folate receptors higher than normal cells, and this fact is the basis of folate targeting strategy. There are many publications reporting various folate conjugated nanomaterials among which folate-conjugated gold nanoparticles hold great promises in targeted cancer therapy. Gold nanoparticles have been identified as promising candidates for new cancer therapy modalities because of biocompatibility, easy synthesis and functionalization, chemo-physical stability, and optical tunable characteristics. In the last decade, there has been a significant explosion in gold nanoparticles research, with a rapid increase in publications related to the area of biomedicine. Although there are many reports published on "gold nanoparticles" and "folate targeting," there are a few reports on "folate-conjugated gold nanoparticles" in biomedical literature. This paper intends to review and illustrate the recent advances in biomedicine which have been designed on the basis of folate-conjugated gold nanoparticles.
传统的癌症治疗方法存在许多局限性，例如缺乏特异性以及在区分健康细胞和癌细胞方面疗效较低。纳米技术的最新进展引入了新型智能治疗性纳米材料，这些材料主要利用了各种靶向方法。靶向纳米材料选择性地与癌细胞结合，并对健康细胞产生较小影响。叶酸是DNA合成途径中的一种必需分子，癌细胞复制非常需要它。某些癌细胞叶酸受体的表达高于正常细胞，这一事实是叶酸靶向策略的基础。有许多出版物报道了各种叶酸偶联纳米材料，其中叶酸偶联金纳米颗粒在靶向癌症治疗中具有很大的前景。由于生物相容性、易于合成和功能化、化学物理稳定性以及光学可调特性，金纳米颗粒已被确定为新型癌症治疗方式的有前途的候选者。在过去十年中，金纳米颗粒的研究有了显著的发展，与生物医学领域相关的出版物迅速增加。尽管有许多关于“金纳米颗粒”和“叶酸靶向”的报道，但生物医学文献中关于“叶酸偶联金纳米颗粒”的报道却很少。本文旨在综述和阐述基于叶酸偶联金纳米颗粒设计的生物医学最新进展。
