Pacheco-González Rosa, Ellwood Eamon, Exeter Daniel, Stewart Alistair W, Asher Innes
a Paediatric Consultant, Department of Paediatrics , Clinic Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca , Murcia , Spain.
b Database Development Manager, Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health , The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand.
J Asthma. 2016 Oct;53(8):854-61. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2016.1156693. Epub 2016 May 21.
The relationship between urbanisation and the symptom prevalence of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema is not clear, and varying definitions of urban extent have been used. Furthermore, a global analysis has not been undertaken. This study aimed to determine whether the symptom prevalence of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in centres involved in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) were higher in urban than rural centres, using a definition of urban extent as land cover from satellite data.
A global map of urban extent from satellite images (MOD500 map) was used to define the urban extent criterion. Maps from the ISAAC centres were digitised and merged with the MOD500 map to describe the urban percentage of each centre. We investigated the association between the symptom prevalence of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema and the percentage of urban extent by centre.
A weak negative relationship was found between the percentage of urban extent of each ISAAC centre and current wheeze in the 13-14-year age group. This association was not statistically significant after adjusting for region of the world and gross national income. No other relationship was found between urban extent and symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema.
In this study, the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in children were not associated with urbanisation, according to the land cover definition of urban extent from satellite data. Comparable standardised definitions of urbanisation need to be developed so that global comparisons can be made.
城市化与哮喘、鼻结膜炎和湿疹症状患病率之间的关系尚不清楚，且对城市范围的定义各不相同。此外，尚未进行全球分析。本研究旨在利用卫星数据中的土地覆盖来定义城市范围，确定参与儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究（ISAAC）的中心中，城市中心的哮喘、鼻结膜炎和湿疹症状患病率是否高于农村中心。
使用卫星图像的全球城市范围地图（MOD500地图）来定义城市范围标准。将ISAAC中心的地图数字化，并与MOD500地图合并，以描述每个中心的城市百分比。我们调查了哮喘、鼻结膜炎和湿疹症状患病率与各中心城市范围百分比之间的关联。
在13 - 14岁年龄组中，每个ISAAC中心的城市范围百分比与当前喘息之间存在微弱的负相关关系。在对世界区域和国民总收入进行调整后，这种关联无统计学意义。未发现城市范围与哮喘、鼻结膜炎和湿疹症状之间存在其他关系。
在本研究中，根据卫星数据中城市范围的土地覆盖定义，儿童哮喘、鼻结膜炎和湿疹症状的患病率与城市化无关。需要制定可比的城市化标准化定义，以便能够进行全球比较。
