Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Belgium.
Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Belgium; Faculty of Applied Engineering Sciences, Hasselt University, Belgium.
Accid Anal Prev. 2016 Aug;93:217-225. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2016.05.007. Epub 2016 May 21.
Prior studies indicated higher collision rates among young novice drivers with peer passengers. This driving simulator study provided a test for a dual process theory of risky driving by examining social rewards (peer passengers) and cognitive control (inhibitory control). The analyses included age (17-18 yrs, n=30; 21-24 yrs, n=20). Risky, distracting, and protective effects were classified by underlying driver error mechanisms. In the first drive, participants drove alone. In the second, participants drove with a peer passenger. Red-light running (violation) was more prevalent in the presence of peer passengers, which provided initial support for a dual process theory of risk driving. In a subgroup with low inhibitory control, speeding (violation) was more prevalent in the presence of peer passengers. Reduced lane-keeping variability reflected distracting effects. Nevertheless, possible protective effects for amber-light running and hazard handling (cognition and decision-making) were found in the drive with peer passengers. Avenues for further research and possible implications for targets of future driver training programs are discussed.
先前的研究表明，年轻新手驾驶员与同车乘客在一起时碰撞的几率更高。这项驾驶模拟器研究通过检验社会奖励（同车乘客）和认知控制（抑制控制），为冒险驾驶的双重加工理论提供了一个检验。分析包括年龄（17-18 岁，n=30；21-24 岁，n=20）。通过潜在的驾驶员错误机制将危险、分散注意力和保护作用进行分类。在第一次驾驶中，参与者独自驾驶。在第二次驾驶中，参与者与同车乘客一起驾驶。有同车乘客在场时，闯红灯（违规）更为普遍，这初步支持了冒险驾驶的双重加工理论。在抑制控制能力较低的亚组中，有同车乘客在场时，超速（违规）更为普遍。保持车道的变异性降低反映了分散注意力的影响。然而，在有同车乘客的驾驶过程中，发现了对黄灯行驶和危险处理（认知和决策）的可能保护作用。讨论了进一步研究的途径和未来驾驶员培训计划目标的可能影响。
