Noguchi Norihito, Inoue Satoshi, Shimanoe Chisato, Shibayama Kaoru, Matsunaga Hitomi, Tanaka Sae, Ishibashi Akina, Shinchi Koichi
1Department of Community and International Health Nursing, Faculty of Medicine,Saga University,Saga,Japan.
3Department of Emergency Medicine,Division of Trauma Surgery and Surgical Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine,Saga University,Saga,Japan.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2016 Aug;31(4):397-406. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X16000418. Epub 2016 May 25.
Introduction Physicians are key disaster responders in foreign medical teams (FMTs) that provide medical relief to affected people. However, few studies have examined the skills required for physicians in real, international, disaster-response situations. Problem The objectives of this study were to survey the primary skills required for physicians from a Japanese FMT and to examine whether there were differences in the frequencies of performed skills according to demographic characteristics, previous experience, and dispatch situations to guide future training and certification programs.
This cross-sectional survey used a self-administered questionnaire given to 64 physicians with international disaster-response site experience. The questionnaire assessed demographic characteristics (sex, age, years of experience as a physician, affiliation, and specialty), previous experience (domestic disaster-relief experience, international disaster-relief experience, or disaster medicine training experience), and dispatch situation (length of dispatch, post-disaster phase, disaster type, and place of dispatch). In addition, the frequencies of 42 performed skills were assessed via a five-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the participants' characteristics and total scores as the frequencies of performed skills. Mean scores for surgical skills, health care-related skills, public health skills, and management and coordination skills were compared according to the demographic characteristics, previous experience, and dispatch situations.
Fifty-two valid questionnaires (81.3% response rate) were collected. There was a trend toward higher skill scores among those who had more previous international disaster-relief experience (P=.03). The more disaster medicine training experience the participants had, the higher their skill score was (P<.001). Physicians reported involvement in 23 disaster-relief response skills, nine of which were performed frequently. There was a trend toward higher scores for surgical skills, health care-related skills, and management and coordination skills related to more disaster medicine training experience.
This study's findings can be used as evidence to boost the frequency of physicians' performed skills by promoting previous experience with international disaster relief and disaster medicine training. Additionally, these results may contribute to enhancing the quality of medical practice in the international disaster relief and disaster training curricula. Noguchi N , Inoue S , Shimanoe C , Shibayama K , Matsunaga H , Tanaka S , Ishibashi A , Shinchi K . What kinds of skills are necessary for physicians involved in international disaster response? Prehosp Disaster Med. 2016;31(4):397-406.
引言 医生是外国医疗队（FMT）中的关键灾难应对人员，这些医疗队为受灾民众提供医疗救助。然而，很少有研究考察在实际的国际灾难应对情况下医生所需的技能。问题 本研究的目的是调查日本外国医疗队医生所需的主要技能，并根据人口统计学特征、既往经验和派遣情况，考察所执行技能的频率是否存在差异，以指导未来的培训和认证项目。
本横断面调查采用自填式问卷，对64名有国际灾难应对现场经验的医生进行了调查。问卷评估了人口统计学特征（性别、年龄、医生工作年限、所属机构和专业）、既往经验（国内灾难救援经验、国际灾难救援经验或灾难医学培训经验）以及派遣情况（派遣时长、灾后阶段、灾难类型和派遣地点）。此外，通过五点李克特量表评估了42项所执行技能的频率。描述性统计用于评估参与者的特征和作为所执行技能频率的总分。根据人口统计学特征、既往经验和派遣情况，比较了手术技能、医疗保健相关技能、公共卫生技能以及管理与协调技能的平均得分。
收集到52份有效问卷（回复率81.3%）。既往国际灾难救援经验越多的人，技能得分越高（P = 0.03）。参与者的灾难医学培训经验越多，技能得分越高（P < 0.001）。医生报告参与了23项灾难救援应对技能，其中9项经常执行。与更多灾难医学培训经验相关的手术技能、医疗保健相关技能以及管理与协调技能得分有升高趋势。
本研究结果可作为证据，通过促进国际灾难救援和灾难医学培训的既往经验，提高医生所执行技能的频率。此外，这些结果可能有助于提高国际灾难救援中的医疗实践质量以及灾难培训课程。野口N、井上S、岛根江C、柴山K、松永H、田中S、石桥A、新地K。参与国际灾难应对的医生需要哪些技能？院前灾难医学。2016；31(4):397 - 406。
