Dunin-Bell Ola
McMaster University,Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine,Hamilton,Ontario,Canada.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018 Apr;33(2):139-146. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X18000146. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
Introduction The incidence of natural disasters is increasing worldwide, with countries the least well-equipped to mitigate or manage them suffering the greatest losses. Following natural disasters, ill-prepared foreign responders may become a burden to the affected population, or cause harm to those needing help. Problem The study was performed to determine if international guidelines for foreign workers in the health sector exist, and evidence of their implementation.
A structured literature search was used to identify guidelines for foreign health workers (FHWs) responding to natural disasters. Analysis of semi-structured interviews of health sector responders to the 2015 Nepal earthquake was then performed, looking at preparation and field activities.
No guidelines were identified to address the appropriate qualifications of, and preparations for, international individuals participating in disaster response in the health sector. Interviews indicated individuals choosing to work with experienced organizations received training prior to disaster deployment and described activities in the field consistent with general humanitarian principles. Participants in an ad hoc team (AHT) did not.
In spite of need, there is a lack of published guidelines for potential international health sector responders to natural disasters. Learning about disaster response may occur only after joining a team. Dunin-Bell O . What do they know? Guidelines and knowledge translation for foreign health sector workers following natural disasters. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(2):139-146.
引言 自然灾害在全球范围内的发生率正在上升，那些应对灾害能力最薄弱的国家遭受的损失最为惨重。自然灾害过后，准备不足的外国救援人员可能会成为受灾民众的负担，或者对需要帮助的人造成伤害。问题 开展这项研究是为了确定是否存在针对卫生部门外国工作人员的国际准则，以及这些准则的实施证据。
采用结构化文献检索来确定针对应对自然灾害的外国卫生工作者（FHWs）的准则。随后对2015年尼泊尔地震卫生部门救援人员的半结构化访谈进行了分析，考察其准备工作和现场活动。
未发现有准则涉及参与卫生部门灾害应对的国际人员的适当资质和准备工作。访谈表明，选择与经验丰富的组织合作的人员在灾难部署前接受了培训，并描述了符合一般人道主义原则的现场活动。临时团队（AHT）的参与者则没有。
尽管有需求，但仍缺乏针对潜在的国际卫生部门自然灾害应对人员的已发表准则。有关灾害应对的学习可能只有在加入团队后才会发生。杜宁 - 贝尔O。他们知道什么？自然灾害后外国卫生部门工作人员的准则与知识转化。《院前与灾难医学》。2018年；33(2):139 - 146。
