Flowers Sarah A, Zhou Xin, Wu Jing, Wang Yiwen, Makambi Kepher, Kallakury Bhaskar V, Singer Mark S, Rosen Steven D, Davidson Bruce, Goldman Radoslav
Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
Department of Pathology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
Oncotarget. 2016 Jul 12;7(28):43177-43187. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.9506.
Sulfatase 2 (SULF2), an extracellular sulfatase that alters sulfation on heparan sulfate proteoglycans, is involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of several carcinomas. SULF2 expression has not been evaluated in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC). Here we report results of IHC of SULF2 expression in HNSCC tissue. SULF2 was detected in 57% of tumors (n = 40) with a significant increase in intensity and number of stained cells compared to adjacent cancer-free tissue (p-value < 0.01), increasing with cancer stage when comparing stages 1 and 2 to stages 3 and 4 (p-value 0.01). SULF2 was not detected in epithelial cells of cancer-free controls, and expression was independent of patient demographics, tumor location and etiological factors, smoking and HPV infection by p16 IHC analysis. Sandwich ELISA was performed on serum of HNSCC patients (n = 28) and controls (n = 35), and although SULF2 was detectable, no change was observed in HNSCC. Saliva, collected by mouthwash, from HNSCC patients (n = 8) and controls (n = 8) was also tested by ELISA in a preliminary investigation and an increase in SULF2 was observed in HNSCC (p-value 0.041). Overall, this study shows that SULF2 is increased in HNSCC independent of tissue location (oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx and hypopharynx), patient demographics and etiology. Although no change in SULF2 was detected in HNSCC serum, its detection in saliva makes it worthy of further investigation as a potential HNSCC biomarker.
硫酸酯酶2（SULF2）是一种细胞外硫酸酯酶，可改变硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖的硫酸化作用，参与多种癌症的肿瘤发生和进展。尚未对头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）中的SULF2表达进行评估。在此，我们报告了HNSCC组织中SULF2表达的免疫组化结果。在57%的肿瘤（n = 40）中检测到SULF2，与相邻的无癌组织相比，染色细胞的强度和数量显著增加（p值<0.01），在比较1期和2期与3期和4期时，SULF2随癌症分期增加（p值0.01）。在无癌对照的上皮细胞中未检测到SULF2，通过p16免疫组化分析，其表达与患者人口统计学、肿瘤位置和病因因素（吸烟和HPV感染）无关。对HNSCC患者（n = 28）和对照（n = 35）的血清进行了夹心ELISA检测，虽然可检测到SULF2，但在HNSCC中未观察到变化。在一项初步研究中，还通过ELISA检测了通过漱口收集的HNSCC患者（n = 8）和对照（n = 8）的唾液，在HNSCC中观察到SULF2增加（p值0.041）。总体而言，本研究表明，HNSCC中SULF2增加，与组织位置（口腔、口咽、喉和下咽）、患者人口统计学和病因无关。虽然在HNSCC血清中未检测到SULF2变化，但其在唾液中的检测使其作为潜在的HNSCC生物标志物值得进一步研究。
