Richards Darrin, Ivarsson B Johan, Scher Irving, Hoover Ryan, Rodowicz Kathleen, Cripton Peter
a BIORECON Engineering , Vancouver , Canada.
b Biomechanics Scientific LLC , Phoenix , AZ , USA.
Sports Biomech. 2016 Nov;15(4):385-96. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2016.1163414. Epub 2016 May 26.
Ice hockey body checks involving direct shoulder-to-head contact frequently result in head injury. In the current study, we examined the effect of shoulder pad style on the likelihood of head injury from a shoulder-to-head check. Shoulder-to-head body checks were simulated by swinging a modified Hybrid-III anthropomorphic test device (ATD) with and without shoulder pads into a stationary Hybrid-III ATD at 21 km/h. Tests were conducted with three different styles of shoulder pads (traditional, integrated and tethered) and without shoulder pads for the purpose of control. Head response kinematics for the stationary ATD were measured. Compared to the case of no shoulder pads, the three different pad styles significantly (p < 0.05) reduced peak resultant linear head accelerations of the stationary ATD by 35-56%. The integrated shoulder pads reduced linear head accelerations by an additional 18-21% beyond the other two styles of shoulder pads. The data presented here suggest that shoulder pads can be designed to help protect the head of the struck player in a shoulder-to-head check.
冰球运动中，涉及直接肩部对头部接触的身体冲撞经常会导致头部受伤。在当前的研究中，我们考察了肩垫样式对肩部对头部冲撞导致头部受伤可能性的影响。通过以21公里/小时的速度，将带有和不带有肩垫的改良型混合III型人体模拟试验装置（ATD）向一个静止的混合III型ATD摆动，来模拟肩部对头部的身体冲撞。为了进行对照，试验分别采用三种不同样式的肩垫（传统型、一体式和系绳式）以及不使用肩垫的情况来开展。测量了静止ATD的头部响应运动学数据。与不使用肩垫的情况相比，三种不同样式的肩垫显著（p < 0.05）降低了静止ATD头部合成线性加速度峰值，降幅为35%至56%。一体式肩垫相比其他两种样式的肩垫，还能使头部线性加速度额外降低18%至21%。此处呈现的数据表明，可以设计肩垫来帮助保护在肩部对头部冲撞中被撞击球员的头部。
