Boyd Alexander B, Crutchfield James P
Complexity Sciences Center and Department of Physics, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2016 May 13;116(19):190601. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.190601.
We introduce a deterministic chaotic system-the Szilard map-that encapsulates the measurement, control, and erasure protocol by which Maxwellian demons extract work from a heat reservoir. Implementing the demon's control function in a dynamical embodiment, our construction symmetrizes the demon and the thermodynamic system, allowing one to explore their functionality and recover the fundamental trade-off between the thermodynamic costs of dissipation due to measurement and those due to erasure. The map's degree of chaos-captured by the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy-is the rate of energy extraction from the heat bath. Moreover, an engine's statistical complexity quantifies the minimum necessary system memory for it to function. In this way, dynamical instability in the control protocol plays an essential and constructive role in intelligent thermodynamic systems.
我们引入了一个确定性混沌系统——齐拉德映射——它封装了麦克斯韦妖从热库中提取功的测量、控制和擦除协议。通过在动态模型中实现妖的控制功能，我们的构建使妖和热力学系统对称化，从而能够探究它们的功能，并恢复由于测量和擦除导致的耗散的热力学成本之间的基本权衡。由柯尔莫哥洛夫-西奈熵捕获的映射的混沌程度，就是从热浴中提取能量的速率。此外，一个引擎的统计复杂性量化了其运行所需的最小系统内存。这样，控制协议中的动态不稳定性在智能热力学系统中起着至关重要的建设性作用。
