Lledo Pierre-Marie, Valley Matt
Pasteur Institute, the Laboratory for Perception and Memory, CNRS Unit Genes, Synapses & Cognition, UMR 3571, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2016 Aug 1;8(8):a018945. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a018945.
Most organisms use their olfactory system to detect and analyze chemical cues from the external world to guide essential behaviors. From worms to vertebrates, chemicals are detected by odorant receptors expressed by olfactory sensory neurons, which in vertebrates send an axon to the primary processing center called the olfactory bulb (OB). Within the OB, sensory neurons form excitatory synapses with projection neurons and with inhibitory interneurons. Thus, because of complex synaptic interactions, the output of a given projection neuron is determined not only by the sensory input, but also by the activity of local inhibitory interneurons that are regenerated throughout life in the process of adult neurogenesis. Herein, we discuss how it is optimized and why.
大多数生物利用其嗅觉系统来检测和分析来自外部世界的化学信号，以指导基本行为。从蠕虫到脊椎动物，化学物质由嗅觉感觉神经元表达的气味受体检测，在脊椎动物中，这些神经元将轴突发送到称为嗅球（OB）的初级处理中心。在嗅球内，感觉神经元与投射神经元和抑制性中间神经元形成兴奋性突触。因此，由于复杂的突触相互作用，给定投射神经元的输出不仅取决于感觉输入，还取决于在成体神经发生过程中终生再生的局部抑制性中间神经元的活动。在此，我们讨论其如何优化以及为何如此。
