Meller Sarah J, Greer Charles A
Departments of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States.
Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States.
Physiology (Bethesda). 2025 Mar 1;40(2):0. doi: 10.1152/physiol.00037.2024. Epub 2024 Nov 5.
Olfactory deficits are increasingly recognized in a variety of neurological, neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, and viral diseases. While the pathology underlying olfactory loss is likely to differ across diseases, one shared feature may be an immune response mediated by microglia. Microglia orchestrate the brain's response to environmental insults and maintain neurodevelopmental homeostasis. Here, we explore the potential involvement of microglia in olfactory development and loss in disease. The effects of microglia-mediated immune response during development may be of special relevance to the olfactory system, which is unique in both its vulnerability to environmental insults as well as its extended period of neurogenesis and neuronal migration.
嗅觉缺陷在多种神经、神经发育、精神和病毒性疾病中越来越受到关注。虽然不同疾病导致嗅觉丧失的病理机制可能不同，但一个共同特征可能是由小胶质细胞介导的免疫反应。小胶质细胞协调大脑对环境损伤的反应并维持神经发育的稳态。在此，我们探讨小胶质细胞在嗅觉发育及疾病导致的嗅觉丧失中的潜在作用。小胶质细胞介导的免疫反应在发育过程中的影响可能与嗅觉系统特别相关，嗅觉系统在易受环境损伤以及神经发生和神经元迁移的延长时期方面都很独特。
