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在可持续发展议程中寻找健康权——评“可持续发展议程中的权利语言:健康权话语和规范是否塑造了健康目标?”

Searching for the Right to Health in the Sustainable Development Agenda Comment on "Rights Language in the Sustainable Development Agenda: Has Right to Health Discourse and Norms Shaped Health Goals?".

机构信息

Faculty of Pop Health Sciences, Institute for Global Health (IGH), University College London, London, UK.

United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), Geneva, Switzerland.

出版信息

Int J Health Policy Manag. 2016 Feb 24;5(5):337-9. doi: 10.15171/ijhpm.2016.21.

Abstract

The United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Agenda offers an opportunity to realise the right to health for all. The Agenda's "interlinked and integrated" Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide the prospect of focusing attention and mobilising resources not just for the provision of health services through universal health coverage (UHC), but also for addressing the underlying social, structural, and political determinants of illness and health inequity. However, achieving the goals' promises will require new mechanisms for inter-sectoral coordination and action, enhanced instruments for rational priority-setting that involve affected population groups, and new approaches to ensuring accountability. Rights-based approaches can inform developments in each of these areas. In this commentary, we build upon a paper by Forman et al and propose that the significance of the SDGs lies in their ability to move beyond a biomedical approach to health and healthcare, and to seize the opportunity for the realization of the right to health in its fullest, widest, most fundamental sense: the right to a health-promoting and health protecting environment for each and every one of us. We argue that realizing the right to health inherent in the SDG Agenda is possible but demands that we seize on a range of commitments, not least those outlined in other goals, and pursue complementary openings in the Agenda - from inclusive policy-making, to novel partnerships, to monitoring and review. It is critical that we do not risk losing the right to health in the rhetoric of the SDGs and ensure that we make good on the promise of leaving no one behind.

摘要

联合国(UN)可持续发展议程为实现全民健康权提供了机会。该议程的“相互关联和综合”的可持续发展目标(SDGs)提供了关注焦点和动员资源的前景,不仅用于通过全民健康覆盖(UHC)提供卫生服务,还用于解决疾病和健康不平等的根本社会、结构和政治决定因素。然而,要实现这些目标的承诺,需要新的部门间协调和行动机制,加强涉及受影响人群的合理优先事项设定的工具,以及确保问责制的新方法。基于权利的方法可以为这些领域的发展提供信息。在这篇评论中,我们在 Forman 等人的一篇论文的基础上提出,SDGs 的意义在于它们能够超越生物医学方法来对待健康和医疗保健,并抓住机会,以最充分、最广泛、最基本的意义实现健康权:即每个人都有权享有促进健康和保护健康的环境。我们认为,实现 SDG 议程中固有的健康权是可能的,但要求我们抓住一系列承诺,不仅包括其他目标中概述的承诺,还要在议程中寻求互补的机会——从包容性的决策制定到新的伙伴关系,再到监测和审查。至关重要的是,我们不能在 SDG 的言辞中丧失健康权,并确保我们不辜负不让任何人掉队的承诺。

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