Ye Zhenlong, Li Zhong, Jin Huajun, Qian Qijun
Laboratory of Viral and Gene Therapy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;909:139-67. doi: 10.1007/978-94-017-7555-7_3.
Cancer is one of the major leading death causes of diseases. Prevention and treatment of cancer is an important way to decrease the incidence of tumorigenesis and prolong patients' lives. Subversive achievements on cancer immunotherapy have recently been paid much attention after many failures in basic and clinical researches. Based on deep analysis of genomics and proteomics of tumor antigens, a variety of cancer vaccines targeting tumor antigens have been tested in preclinical and human clinical trials. Many therapeutic cancer vaccines alone or combination with other conventional treatments for cancer obtained spectacular efficacy, indicating the tremendously potential application in clinic. With the illustration of underlying mechanisms of cancer immune regulation, valid, controllable, and persistent cancer vaccines will play important roles in cancer treatment, survival extension and relapse and cancer prevention. This chapter mainly summarizes the recent progresses and developments on cancer vaccine research and clinical application, thus exploring the existing obstacles in cancer vaccine research and promoting the efficacy of cancer vaccine.
癌症是主要的致死疾病之一。癌症的预防和治疗是降低肿瘤发生率和延长患者生命的重要途径。在基础和临床研究历经多次失败后，癌症免疫疗法的颠覆性成果近来备受关注。基于对肿瘤抗原基因组学和蛋白质组学的深入分析，多种针对肿瘤抗原的癌症疫苗已在临床前和人体临床试验中进行了测试。许多治疗性癌症疫苗单独使用或与其他传统癌症治疗方法联合使用都取得了显著疗效，显示出其在临床上巨大的应用潜力。随着癌症免疫调节潜在机制的阐明，有效、可控且持久的癌症疫苗将在癌症治疗、延长生存期、预防复发和癌症预防中发挥重要作用。本章主要总结癌症疫苗研究和临床应用的最新进展与发展，从而探索癌症疫苗研究中存在的障碍并提高癌症疫苗的疗效。
