Zhang Tao, Wei Xin-Li, Wei Yu-Zhen, Liu Hong-Yu, Yu Li-Yan
China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.
Extremophiles. 2016 Jul;20(4):461-70. doi: 10.1007/s00792-016-0836-8. Epub 2016 May 30.
Endolichenic fungi within 17 lichen species in the area near Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard, High Arctic) were studied by a culture-based method. The 247 fungal isolates were obtained from 2712 lichen thallus segments. The colonization rate of endolichenic fungi ranged from 1.6 to 26.5 %, respectively. These isolates were identified to 40 fungal taxa, including 35 Ascomycota (10 orders), 4 Basidiomycota (3 orders), and 1 unidentified fungus. Thelebolales was the most abundant order, while Sordariales were the most diverse order. The common fungal taxa shared by more than 3 lichen species were Thelebolus microsporus (93 isolates), Coniochaeta hoffmannii (7 isolates), Sarocladium kiliense (33 isolates), Coniochaeta sp. 1 (5 isolates), Coniochaeta sp. 4 (28 isolates), and Coniochaeta sp. 2 (5 isolates). Low Sorenson's similarity coefficients were observed among different lichen species, indicating that host-related factor may shape the endolichenic fungal communities in this region. In addition, no endolichenic fungal taxa were previously found in the Antarctica and Austrian Alps, suggesting endolichenic fungal communities in this region might be also shaped by the Arctic climate. The results demonstrate the existence of specific cultured endolichenic fungal species, which may be suitable objects for further study of their possible functional roles in the lichen thalli.
采用基于培养的方法，对位于新奥尔松（斯瓦尔巴群岛，北极地区）附近区域的17种地衣物种中的内生真菌进行了研究。从2712个地衣叶状体片段中获得了247株真菌分离物。内生真菌的定殖率分别为1.6%至26.5%。这些分离物被鉴定为40个真菌分类单元，包括35个子囊菌门（10个目）、4个担子菌门（3个目）和1个未鉴定的真菌。刺盾炱目是最丰富的目，而粪壳菌目是最多样化的目。超过3种地衣物种共有的常见真菌分类单元有小孢刺盾炱（93株分离物）、霍夫曼盾壳霉（7株分离物）、基利恩氏帚梗柱孢（33株分离物）、盾壳霉属1号种（5株分离物）、盾壳霉属4号种（28株分离物）和盾壳霉属2号种（5株分离物）。不同地衣物种之间的索伦森相似系数较低，表明宿主相关因素可能塑造了该地区的内生真菌群落。此外，此前在南极洲和奥地利阿尔卑斯山未发现内生真菌分类单元，这表明该地区的内生真菌群落可能也受到北极气候的影响。结果表明存在特定的可培养内生真菌物种，它们可能是进一步研究其在地衣叶状体中可能的功能作用的合适对象。
