Yu Shuiyan, Du Shaobo, Yuan Junhui, Hu Yonghong
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China.
East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Sci Rep. 2016 May 31;6:26944. doi: 10.1038/srep26944.
Most common plant oils have little α-linolenic acid (C18:3(Δ9,12,15), ALA) and an unhealthy ω6/ω3 ratio. Here, fatty acids (FAs) in the seeds of 11 species of Paeonia L., including 10 tree peony and one herbaceous species, were explored using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. Results indicated that all Paeonia had a ω6/ω3 ratio less than 1.0, and high amounts of ALA (26.7-50%), oleic acid (C18:1(Δ9), OA) (20.8-46%) and linoleic acid (C18:2(Δ9,12), LA) (10-38%). ALA was a dominant component in oils of seven subsection Vaginatae species, whereas OA was predominant in two subsection Delavayanae species. LA was a subdominant oil component in P. ostii and P. obovata. Moreover, the FA composition and distribution of embryo (22 FAs), endosperm (14 FAs) and seed coat (6 FAs) in P. ostii, P. rockii and P. ludlowii were first reported. Peony species, particularly P. decomposita and P. rockii, can be excellent plant resources for edible oil because they provide abundant ALA to balance the ω6/ω3 ratio. The differences in the ALA, LA and OA content proportion also make the peony species a good system for detailed investigation of FA biosynthesis pathway and ALA accumulation.
大多数常见植物油的α-亚麻酸（C18:3(Δ9,12,15)，ALA）含量很少，且ω6/ω3比例不健康。在此，利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对11种芍药属植物种子中的脂肪酸（FAs）进行了研究，其中包括10种牡丹和1种芍药。结果表明，所有芍药属植物的ω6/ω3比例均小于1.0，且含有大量的ALA（26.7 - 50%）、油酸（C18:1(Δ9)，OA）（20.8 - 46%）和亚油酸（C18:2(Δ9,12)，LA）（10 - 38%）。ALA是7种凤丹组植物种子油中的主要成分，而OA在2种大花黄牡丹组植物种子油中占主导地位。LA是油用牡丹和卵叶芍药种子油中的次要成分。此外，首次报道了油用牡丹、紫斑牡丹和绿牡丹种子的胚（22种脂肪酸）、胚乳（14种脂肪酸）和种皮（6种脂肪酸）中的脂肪酸组成和分布情况。芍药属植物，特别是川赤芍和紫斑牡丹，可成为优良的食用油植物资源，因为它们能提供丰富的ALA以平衡ω6/ω3比例。ALA、LA和OA含量比例的差异也使芍药属植物成为详细研究脂肪酸生物合成途径和ALA积累的良好体系。
