Washburn J O, Anderson J R, Mercer D R
J Med Entomol. 1989 May;26(3):173-82. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/26.3.173.
Wing lengths, emergence times, and parasite loads were determined for 8,444 newly emerged adult Aedes sierrensis (Ludlow) collected from 17 treehole emergence traps during a sampling period of 149 d. Peak adult emergence occurred in late spring and early summer, but a small second cohort developed in treeholes retaining water through the dry season. Mosquito production was significantly and positively correlated with the maximum volumes of treeholes. Male and female wing lengths and eclosion times varied significantly among populations from different treeholes; within a population, these variables were highly correlated, suggesting that larvae of both sexes respond similarly to treehole conditions. Egg number (but not longevity) was correlated with adult size for laboratory-maintained females collected from emergence traps. These results suggest variation in the vector potential of adult populations produced from different treeholes. Newly emerged mosquitoes were infected by five parasite species that depend on adult hosts for their dispersal. The mermithid nematode Octomyomermis troglodytis Poinar and Sanders and the ciliate Tetrahymena sp. were very rare in adult populations. Gamontocysts of the ascogregarine Ascogregarina clarki Sanders and Poinar infected the Malpighian tubules of adults from six treeholes. Ectoparasitic larval water mites (near Euthyas) were found on 12% of all adults eclosing from eight treeholes and selectively parasitized female hosts over males. The ciliate Lambornella clarki Corliss and Coats was the most common parasite; it infected males and females from seven treeholes in equal proportions. L. clarki had a significant negative impact on adult populations in that 13% of all females from L. clarki-positive treeholes were infected with ciliates, and infected females are parasitically castrated.
在149天的采样期内，从17个树洞羽化诱捕器中收集了8444只新羽化的成年锡耶拉伊蚊（Ludlow），测定了其翅长、羽化时间和寄生虫负荷。成年蚊羽化高峰期出现在春末和初夏，但在旱季仍保留积水的树洞中形成了一小批第二批羽化的蚊子。蚊子的繁殖量与树洞的最大容积显著正相关。来自不同树洞的种群中，雄性和雌性的翅长以及羽化时间差异显著；在一个种群内，这些变量高度相关，这表明两性幼虫对树洞条件的反应相似。从羽化诱捕器收集的实验室饲养雌性蚊子的卵数（而非寿命）与成虫大小相关。这些结果表明，不同树洞产生的成年蚊种群的传播潜力存在差异。新羽化的蚊子感染了五种依赖成年宿主进行传播的寄生虫物种。索氏八线滑刃线虫Octomyomermis troglodytis Poinar和Sanders以及纤毛虫四膜虫属Tetrahymena sp.在成年蚊种群中非常罕见。克拉克氏阿斯科格里虫Ascogregarina clarki Sanders和Poinar的配子囊肿感染了来自六个树洞的成年蚊的马氏管。在从八个树洞羽化的所有成年蚊中，12%发现有外寄生幼虫水螨（近真宽水螨属Euthyas），且其选择性地寄生雌性宿主而非雄性宿主。纤毛虫克拉克氏兰氏虫Lambornella clarki Corliss和Coats是最常见的寄生虫；它以相同比例感染了来自七个树洞的雄性和雌性。克拉克氏兰氏虫对成年蚊种群有显著的负面影响，因为来自克拉克氏兰氏虫阳性树洞的所有雌性中有13%感染了纤毛虫，且受感染的雌性会被寄生阉割。
