Makhado Lufuno, Davhana-Maselesele Mashudu
Department of Nursing Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho.
Curationis. 2016 Mar 29;39(1):1593. doi: 10.4102/curationis.v39i1.1593.
Nurses caring for people living with HIV (PLWH) are at higher risk of exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by needle sticks, cuts, getting body fluids in their eyes or mouth and skin when bruised or affected by dermatitis.
To determine knowledge, insight and uptake of occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (OPEP) amongst nurses caring for PLWH.
A cross-sectional descriptive design was used in this study. Stratified random sampling was used to sample 240 nurses. The study was conducted in a regional hospital in Limpopo province. Both parametric and non-parametric statistics were employed to analyse data.
A total of 233 nurses participated in the study. Sixty per cent (n = 138) of all nurses had a situation at work when they thought that they were infected by HIV and 100 (43%) nurses had experienced the situation once or more in the past 12 month. Approximately 40% did not know what PEP (post-exposure prophylaxis) is, and 22% did not know or were not sure if it was available in the hospital. Only few participants (n = 68, 29%) had sought PEP and most (n = 37, 54%) of them did not receive PEP when they needed it. There was a significant association between the knowledge and availability of PEP (r = 0.622).
The study recommend an urgent need for policy makers in the health sector to put in place policies, guidelines and programmes that will rapidly scale up PEP services in health care settings, so that preventable occupationally acquired HIV infection can be minimised amongst nurses.
护理艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH）的护士因针刺、割伤、眼睛或口腔接触体液以及皮肤擦伤或患皮炎时接触病毒，面临更高的感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）风险。
确定护理艾滋病毒感染者的护士对职业暴露后预防（OPEP）的知识、认识和使用情况。
本研究采用横断面描述性设计。采用分层随机抽样方法抽取240名护士。研究在林波波省的一家地区医院进行。采用参数和非参数统计方法分析数据。
共有233名护士参与了研究。所有护士中有60%（n = 138）在工作中曾认为自己感染了艾滋病毒，100名（43%）护士在过去12个月中经历过一次或多次这种情况。约40%的护士不知道暴露后预防（PEP）是什么，22%的护士不知道或不确定医院是否有这种预防措施。只有少数参与者（n = 68，29%）寻求过暴露后预防，其中大多数（n = 37，54%）在需要时未获得暴露后预防。暴露后预防的知识与可获得性之间存在显著关联（r = 0.622）。
该研究建议卫生部门的政策制定者迫切需要制定政策、指南和方案，以迅速扩大医疗机构中的暴露后预防服务，从而将护士中可预防的职业性获得性艾滋病毒感染降至最低。
