追赶性生长与生长不足：玻利维亚亚马逊原住民儿童的九年年度面板生长情况
Catch-up growth and growth deficits: Nine-year annual panel child growth for native Amazonians in Bolivia.
作者信息
Zhang Rebecca, Undurraga Eduardo A, Zeng Wu, Reyes-García Victoria, Tanner Susan, Leonard William R, Behrman Jere R, Godoy Ricardo A
机构信息
a Federal Reserve Board , Washington , DC , USA ;
b Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University , Waltham , MA , USA ;
出版信息
Ann Hum Biol. 2016 Jul;43(4):304-15. doi: 10.1080/03014460.2016.1197312. Epub 2016 Jun 29.
BACKGROUND
Childhood growth stunting is negatively associated with cognitive and health outcomes, and is claimed to be irreversible after age 2.
AIM
To estimate growth rates for children aged 2-7 who were stunted (sex-age standardised z-score [HAZ] <-2), marginally-stunted (-2 ≤ HAZ ≤-1) or not-stunted (HAZ >-1) at baseline and tracked annually until age 11; frequency of movement among height categories; and variation in height predicted by early childhood height.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
This study used a 9-year annual panel (2002-2010) from a native Amazonian society of horticulturalists-foragers (Tsimane'; n = 174 girls; 179 boys at baseline). Descriptive statistics and random-effect regressions were used.
RESULTS
This study found some evidence of catch-up growth in HAZ, but persistent height deficits. Children stunted at baseline improved 1 HAZ unit by age 11 and had higher annual growth rates than non-stunted children. Marginally-stunted boys had a 0.1 HAZ units higher annual growth rate than non-stunted boys. Despite some catch up, ∼ 80% of marginally-stunted children at baseline remained marginally-stunted by age 11. The height deficit increased from age 2 to 11. Modest year-to-year movement was found between height categories.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of growth faltering among the Tsimane' has declined, but hurdles still substantially lock children into height categories.
背景
儿童生长发育迟缓与认知和健康结果呈负相关，且据称在2岁以后不可逆转。
目的
估计2至7岁基线时发育迟缓（性别年龄标准化z评分[身高别年龄z评分（HAZ）]＜-2）、轻度发育迟缓（-2≤HAZ≤-1）或未发育迟缓（HAZ＞-1）并每年追踪至11岁的儿童的生长速率；身高类别之间的变动频率；以及幼儿期身高所预测的身高差异。
对象与方法
本研究使用了来自一个以园艺和狩猎采集为生的亚马逊原住民社会（齐曼人；基线时n = 174名女孩；179名男孩）的9年年度面板数据。使用了描述性统计和随机效应回归分析。
结果
本研究发现了一些身高别年龄z评分追赶生长的证据，但身高持续不足。基线时发育迟缓的儿童到11岁时HAZ改善了1个单位，且年生长速率高于未发育迟缓的儿童。轻度发育迟缓的男孩比未发育迟缓的男孩年生长速率高0.1个HAZ单位。尽管有一些追赶生长，但基线时约80%的轻度发育迟缓儿童到11岁时仍为轻度发育迟缓。身高不足从2岁到11岁有所增加。发现身高类别之间存在适度的逐年变动。
结论
齐曼人中生长发育迟缓的患病率有所下降，但障碍仍然严重地将儿童锁定在身高类别中。
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