Witt Andreas, Münzer Annika, Ganser Helene G, Fegert Jörg M, Goldbeck Lutz, Plener Paul L
University of Ulm, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Germany.
University of Ulm, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, Germany.
Child Abuse Negl. 2016 Jul;57:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.05.001. Epub 2016 May 30.
Most victims of child abuse have experienced more than one type of maltreatment, yet there is a lack of understanding of the impact of specific combinations of types of maltreatment. This study aimed to identify meaningful classes of maltreatment profiles and to associate them with short-term clinical outcomes. A total of 358 German children and adolescents aged 4-17 with a known history of child maltreatment were included in the study. Through interviews and questionnaires, information was obtained from participants and their primary caregivers on history of maltreatment, sociodemographics, psychopathology, level of psychosocial functioning, and health-related quality of life. Types of abuse were categorized into six major groups: sexual abuse in general, sexual abuse with penetration, physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, and exposure to domestic violence. A latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to determine distinct multi-type maltreatment profiles, which were then assessed for their associations with the sociodemographic and clinical outcome variables. The LCA revealed that participants could be categorized into three meaningful classes according to history of maltreatment: (1) experience of multiple types of maltreatment excluding sexual abuse (63.1%), (2) experience of multiple types of maltreatment including sexual abuse (26.5%), and (3) experience of predominantly sexual abuse (10.3%). Members of Class 2 showed significantly worse short-term outcomes on psychopathology, level of functioning, and quality of life compared to the other classes. Three distinct profiles of multiple types of maltreatment were empirically identified in this sample. Exposure to multiple types of abuse was associated with poorer outcomes.
大多数受虐待儿童经历过不止一种形式的虐待，但人们对特定虐待类型组合的影响缺乏了解。本研究旨在确定有意义的虐待模式类别，并将其与短期临床结果联系起来。共有358名4至17岁有虐待史的德国儿童和青少年纳入本研究。通过访谈和问卷调查，从参与者及其主要照顾者那里获取了有关虐待史、社会人口统计学、精神病理学、心理社会功能水平以及与健康相关的生活质量的信息。虐待类型分为六大类：一般性性虐待、插入式性虐待、身体虐待、情感虐待、忽视和遭受家庭暴力。进行了潜在类别分析（LCA）以确定不同的多种类型虐待模式，然后评估它们与社会人口统计学和临床结果变量之间的关联。潜在类别分析显示，参与者可根据虐待史分为三个有意义的类别：（1）经历多种类型虐待但不包括性虐待（63.1%），（2）经历多种类型虐待包括性虐待（26.5%），以及（3）主要经历性虐待（10.3%）。与其他类别相比，第2类成员在精神病理学、功能水平和生活质量方面的短期结果明显更差。在该样本中凭经验确定了三种不同的多种类型虐待模式。遭受多种类型虐待与较差的结果相关。
