Rios Salete S, Pereira Lara Cristina R, Santos Carla B, Chen Ana Carolina R, Chen Juliana R, de Fátima B Vogt Maria
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, School of Medicine, University of Brasilia DF, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
J Med Case Rep. 2016 Jun 2;10(1):147. doi: 10.1186/s13256-016-0936-1.
In women, during embryologic development, the paired Müllerian (paramesonephric) ducts fuse distally and develop into the uterus, cervix, and upper vagina. If the Wolffian ducts persist in vestigial form, they can lead to Gartner's cysts, mainly located in the right wall of the vagina. This is one of the few studies of Gartner's cysts with a series of consecutive cases over a long period of time who were exclusively subject to clinical observation. Although Gartner's cysts are found in approximately 0.1 to 0.2% of women, controversy exists regarding the course of action to be taken.
We describe the cases of four women who were 38-years old, 53-years old, 37-years old, and 49-years old at their first appointment and who were of mixed ethnicity, mixed ethnicity, black, and mixed ethnicity respectively. The follow-up of these patients ranged from 2 to 17 years. In these four cases the location of the cysts was the right wall of the vagina. Transvaginal ultrasound was the test of choice for diagnostic confirmation. In the cases presented in this study, the women were asymptomatic and chose to be observed clinically.
This is the first study reporting long-term clinical observation of these lesions. This study shows that conservative treatment can be a safe option for asymptomatic patients with vaginal Gartner's duct cysts.
在女性胚胎发育过程中，成对的苗勒管（副中肾管）在远端融合并发育成子宫、宫颈和阴道上段。如果沃尔夫管以残留形式持续存在，可导致加特纳囊肿，主要位于阴道右壁。这是为数不多的对一系列连续病例进行长期临床观察的加特纳囊肿研究之一。尽管约0.1%至0.2%的女性会出现加特纳囊肿，但对于应采取的治疗方案仍存在争议。
我们描述了四名女性的病例，她们初次就诊时的年龄分别为38岁、53岁、37岁和49岁，种族分别为混合族裔、混合族裔、黑人及混合族裔。这些患者的随访时间为2至17年。在这四例病例中，囊肿均位于阴道右壁。经阴道超声是确诊的首选检查方法。在本研究报告的病例中，这些女性均无症状，选择进行临床观察。
这是第一项报告对这些病变进行长期临床观察的研究。本研究表明，对于无症状的阴道加特纳管囊肿患者，保守治疗可能是一种安全的选择。
